HISTOLOGICAL STUDY OF INITIATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF ADVENTITIOUS BUDS FROM INFLORESCENCES OF TWO DATE PALM (Phoenix dactylifera L.) CULTIVARS CULTURED IN VITRO

M. Bader, S.; A. Al-Khafaji, M.; S. Mohammed, H.

	HISTOLOGICAL STUDY OF INITIATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF ADVENTITIOUS BUDS FROM INFLORESCENCES OF TWO DATE PALM (Phoenix dactylifera L.) CULTIVARS CULTURED IN VITRO
IRAQ JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE
Article 1, Volume 14, Issue 6, 2009, Pages 0-0
Authors
S. M. Bader; M. A. Al-Khafaji; H. S. Mohammed
Abstract
This histological study was conducted to illustrate the origin and the stages of initiation and development of adventitious buds from inflorescence explants cultured in vitro of two date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) cultivars Barhi and Maktom. Inflorescences were excised from adult trees at three different developmental stages, in addition samples from in vitro cultures for both cultivars after periods of time: 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21 or 24 weeks intervals. These pieces were sectioning, staining and examined under the microscope. The results showed that the initial callus was originated from the meristemic tissue of the flower primordial in the early stage of development, while carpels and staminates primordial were the origin of the initial callus in the second and third stage. The study showed the initiation of adventitious buds directly from the parenchyma cells of the carpels primordial in the second stage of inflorescence development. These cells undergo dedifferentiation process and became meristematic before it redifferentiated and formed an apical dome surrounded with leaf primordia. These buds primordia were consequently developed to vegetative buds similar to those in the axillaries of plant leaves.

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