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EFFECT OF DIFFERENT RATES OF SUNFLOWER RESIDUES IN COMBINATION WITH LOW | ||
| IRAQ JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE | ||
| Article 1, Volume 20, Issue 1, 2015, Pages 0-0 | ||
| Authors | ||
| S. N. Al-Eqali; I. S. Alsaadawi; H. M. Aboud | ||
| Abstract | ||
| A field trial was conducted during 2012 at Research Farm of Biology Department, College of Science, Baghdad University, Baghdad, Iraq to test the response of weed and wheat crop to different rates (3 and 6 t ha-1) of sunflower residues (Cv Asgrow) alone or in combination with 50% (150 g ha-1) of the label rate of Chevalier herbicide. Weedy check and label rate treatments were included for comparison. The experiment was laid out in RCBD with 4 replications. Result showed that sunflower residues incorporated into field soil at rates of 3 and 6 t ha-1 significantly reduced weed population and dry weight in comparison to weedy check treatment. Incorporation of sunflower residues at 3 t ha-1 reduced weed density by 87.5 and 97.2% of the control after 90 and 120 day respectively while the reduction was increased when sunflower residues were incorporated at 6 and t ha-1 reach to 88.9 and 78.2% of the control after 90 and 120 day respectively. However, plots treated with 50% of label rate of herbicide and amended with sunflower residues recorded statistically weed suppression similar to that achieved by the label dose of herbicide. It appeared that weed suppression was directly translated into yield of wheat. Application of Chevalier herbicide at 50% rate in plots amended with sunflower residue at rates 3 t ha-1 resulted in similar biological and grain yields, number of spikes per plant, number of grains per spike and harvest index as with the label herbicide rate treatment. Chemical analyses indicated that total phenolics started to increase at 14 and 24 day of decomposition then declined thereafter. Biological activity test of field soil revealed that suppression of Malva weed is directly related with total phenolic content of soil with high correlation between them. The importance of this approach in managing weeds and reducing herbicides input into agroecosystems and enhance the physical and nutritional properties of soil is briefly discussed. | ||
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