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Combining Effect of Different Rates of Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench Residues and Reduced Rates of Trifluralin on Weeds in Mung Bean Field | ||
| Iraqi Journal of Science | ||
| Article 1, Volume 56, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 1622-1632 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Laith Z. Al-Obaidi; Ibrahim S. Alsaadawi | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Field and laboratory experiments were performed to evaluate the allelopathic potential of sorghum residues alone or in combination with reduced rate of trifluralin herbicide on weeds in mung bean field. The field experiment was conducted during 2014 season at the Research Farm of Biology Department, College of Science, Baghdad University by using randomized complete Block design (RCBD) to test the effect of sorghum residues at rates of 5 and 10 t ha-1 alone or in combination with reduced doses of trifluralin (30 and 60% of recommended dose) on weeds and mung bean crop. Weedy check and label rate of trifluralin (2.4 Lha-1) were also included for comparison. Each treatment was replicated four times. Total phenolics in field soil amended with sorghum residues at 10 t ha-1 was determined in at 0, 14, 28 and 42 days of sorghum residues decomposition. Also bioassay experiment was conducted to test the allelopathic effect of sorghum residues at 10 t ha-1 incorporated into the field soil on seedling emergence and growth of Portulaca oleracea weed during the above mentioned decomposition periods. Results showed that incorporation of sorghum residues at 5 t ha-1 reduced weed density by16.9 and 18.8% of control after 30 and 60 days from sowing, respectively. The reduction was increased when sorghum residues were incorporated at 10 t ha-1 and reached to 30 and 30.5% of the control after 30and 60 days from sowing, respectively. However, the suppression of weed population and dry weight biomass was further improved when the plots were treated with 30 and 60% of label rate of trifluralin and sorghum residues at 5and 10 t ha-1. The highest suppression of weed population and dry biomass was achieved by application of reduced rate of trifluralin (60%) to plots amended with sorghums residues at 10 t ha-1. Integration of reduced herbicide and sorghum residues at 5and 10 t ha-1 resulted in more weed suppression than sole application of the respected sorghum residues. The results also revealed that weed suppression was directly translated into yield of mung bean. Application of trifluralin herbicide at 60% of label rate in plots amended with sorghum residues at 10 t ha-1 recorded the highest biological and grain yield, number of pods per plants and weight of 100 seeds. Chemical analysis indicated that total phenolics started to increase at14 and 28 days of decomposition and decline thereafter until vanished 6 weeks of decomposition. Biological activity test of field soil revealed that suppression of Portulaca oleracea weed was highly correlated with total phenolics (R2 = 0.95for seedling emergence and 0.87 for dry biomass) of soil suggesting that high weed suppression was mainly due to high activity of phenolics. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Allelopathy; sorghum residues; reduced herbicide; Mung Bean | ||
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