Effect of Environmental Contamination on Cell Division of Chick Embryos

Salman Kadhum, Serab; Hassan Elag, Adel; Bahaldeen Husean, Russel; Jamel Toma, Rawaa; Ali Husean, Melad; AbdulKareem AbdOun, Methal

	Effect of Environmental Contamination on Cell Division of Chick Embryos
Iraqi Journal of Biotechnology
Article 1, Volume 13, Issue 2, 2014, Pages 144-151
Authors
Serab Salman Kadhum; Adel Hassan Elag; Russel Bahaldeen Husean; Rawaa Jamel Toma; Melad Ali Husean; Methal AbdulKareem AbdOun
Abstract
This study aimed to use chick embryos as a biological indicator for assessing the genotoxic activity of environmental pollutants and used it as a living test system or a useful tool when a study on the target species is difficult or impracticable. Fertilized eggs were collected from AL-Twietha(contains the Iraqi nuclear reactor)represents a control group . Cytogenetic analysis for chick embryos have been done by studying Blast index (BI), and Mitotic index (MI), Replicative index (RI) and Sister Chromated Exchange (SCE) for embryonic cell in 2-7 days age. Results were compared with those that were held to chick embryos for eggs collected from AL-Kadhimiya and AL-Baya as a control group. Result showed significant increase in MI and RI in embryonic cells for chicks collected from AL-Twietha with age were as embryonic cells for chicks collected from AL-Kadhimiya and AL-Baya that decreased as age increase. SCE values showed a significant increase for eggs collected from AL- Tuwaitha area. These results show a defect in the genetic material and inability of the cell to repair the DNA damage, which resulted in a rise in SCE value. From this study it can be conclude that the possibility of using chick embryos as a biological indicator to detect the effect of pollutants and adoption as an alternative method for in vitro blood cultures for being easy ,accurate, and economic method.
Keywords
Sister chromatid exchange; Cell proliferation; chick embryos; environmental pollutants

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