Mottos Of Opposition Movements In Iraq During The Umayyad Period and Their Religious and Political Indications

Adnan   Abbas, Weaam

	Mottos Of Opposition Movements In Iraq During The Umayyad Period and Their Religious and Political Indications
JOURNAL OF THE COLLEGE OF EDUCATION FOR WOMEN
Article 1, Volume 26, Issue 3, 2015, Pages 841-854
Author
Weaam Adnan Abbas
Abstract
"Mottos Of Opposition Movements In Iraq During The Umayyad Period and Their Religious and Political Indications – (al-shi͑a and al- Khawarij ) " Iraq had Witnessed saveral opposition movements during the Umayyad period, the most important among them were that of " al-Shi͑a " and of " al –Khawarij " . The first included the movement of " al –Taww͞ab͞un " ,the revolt of " al –Mukhtar ibn Abiubaid al- Thakafi " and the " revolt of Zaid ibn Ali Talib " . As for the seconed ( al – Khawarij ) , they included the sects of " al – Azariqa " , " al – Sufriyya " and " al – Abadiyya " . These opposition movements were so many that the history of the Umayyad period is described as being the history of Iraq . It is worth mentioning here, that the mottos raised by all these opposition movements ( al – Shi͑a ) and ( al- Khawarij) . have both religious and political indications . Movements of " al- Shi͑a " used two mottos : the first was " ya litharat al- Husain " ( vengence of al- Husain ) ; while the second was " ya Mansur Amit " ( o mansur kills ) . As for the " Khaw͞arij " the rasied one motto which was " L͞a Hukma ill͞a lill͞ah " (Judgement is to God only ) . However, all thes opposition movements have had one mutual homage (Bay'a ) which was " Kit͞ab All͞ah wa Sunnat Nabiyyihi " (The book oh God and the career of his Prophet) . This research is concerned with importance of those, as well as their origin, and their linguistic and usage meaning of them . Moreover, this research is concerned with the religious and political indications of those mottos.

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