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Biological effect for oils of harmala seeds peganum harmala L. and fenugreek Trigonella foenum - graecum L. in southern cowpea beetle Callosobruchus maculatus F. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). | ||
| Tikrit Journal of Pure Science | ||
| Article 1, Volume 20, Issue 1, 2015, Pages 71-79 | ||
| Author | ||
| Adil A. Hayder | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Studying the effects of serial concentration of harmala and fenugreek seeds oil against the southern cowpea beetle Callosobruchus maculatus F. in cowpea seeds ( reddish , white , reddish- brown and black) revealed that there was significant toxic effect of all concentrations on immature stages and adult emergence. harmala seeds oil was more effective than fenugreek oil in all treatments. The rates of productivity in southern cowpea beetle for cowpea seeds for tamarind seeds oil at 0.5/20g reached 38.83, 29.04 and 30.03, 21.45 %, and first generation (F1) reduction 93.67, 94.54, 94.33 and 96.59% respectively and for fenugreek seed oil was 68.00 , 69.69, 63.68 and 56.59 % and 38.46, 30.30, 18.87 and 18.17% respectively at the same concentration. The developmental period was positively decreased in relation with increase of concentration of oils .The two concentrations 0.4 and 0.5% were decreased the germinability percentages of reddish- brown and black cowpea seeds ranged 50.00- 50.66% while fenugreek all of fenugreek seed oils that treated cowpea seeds four didn’t affect on germinability percentages ranged 76.66- 96.66%. Also significant difference found clearly in the attraction and repellency responses. The harmala seeds oil in different concentrations showed a superior repellency effect on insect reached maximum at 0.5% , the highest average of individuals repellency reached 3.66 and 5.00 rates 36.60 and 50.00% with attractant rates 3.30 and 3.30 % as it balance rates reached -33.30 and -46.70% after 15 and 30 minutes of treating , while fenugreek seeds oil showed significant attractant effect, the concentration 0.5% recorded highest rates of attractant, the average of individuals attractant reached 4.33 and 6.00% rates 43.30 and 60.00% and repellent rates 6.60 and 3.30% as it balance rates reached + 36.00 and + 56.70 % after 15 and 30 minutes of treating . | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Cowpea; Vigna; oils; Callosobruchus; Harmala; fenugreek | ||
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