The Local legislation in the Iraqi law

Alaa Abdul Hassan Al-Anzy, A.P.Dr.

	The Local legislation in the Iraqi law
AL- Mouhakiq Al-Hilly Journal for legal and political science
Article 1, Volume 7, Issue 3, 2015, Pages 224-273
Author
A.P.Dr. Alaa Abdul Hassan al-Anzy
Abstract
Abstract This research is interested in the validity of the local legislation issued by the governorates which are not organized in regions, so as to indicate the constitutional and legal foundations, and its characteristics, stages, and the constraints face it, as well as dispute resolution mechanism on its constitutionality. The case study was the adoption of the rules of procedure of Babil’s Bylaw, ratified on May 7, 2009.. Among the hypotheses are: that the law of the governorates not organized in provinces No. 21 for the year 2008, has introduced a new jurisdiction of the provincial council is the competence of the local legislation, which is an encroachment on the scope of administrative and financial powers granted by the Constitution, in item (ii) Article (122), which confirmed the adoption of the style of regional administrative decentralization, which refers to the sharing of the administrative function which is one of the duties of ( the executive body), not sharing the political function. The problem of the research, is that the Iraqi legislature did not distinguish between the concepts of local administration and local government, after it had not previously difference between the concepts of regional administrative decentralization and political decentralization, especially since each of these concepts has its own elements, each of which need special requirements to be applied on the land of the actual reality. This has led to a process for Problems resulting from the application of provincial law No. 21 of 2008 average. In order to keep with the theme of the search, we have adopted the analytical approach and comparative approach, so we have employed the first approach in the analysis of the legal texts, while the second approach has been employed in a comparison between the general rules and the implications of the rules of procedure of Babil’s PC as a model for our study . Our research has been divided into five sections in addition to the introduction and conclusion, and as follows. Section one- The constitutional and legal basis for the validity of the provincial council legislation and its features. Section two- The stages of the local legislation process. The restrictions of the local legislation. Section three- Section four- Committees of the provincial council. Section five- The disputes on the constitutionality of the local legislation. Finally the most important results of our research: The Law No.21 for the year 2008, states a new competence for the PCs, which is “the domestic legislation” in the governorates not organized in province, In order to organizing the administrative and financial affairs of the province… But the law has been devoid of organizing the legislative stages that precede the issuing phase, also the law didn’t mention the role of the governor and the provincial council in the process of the enactment. As for the most important recommendations and proposals: I think that the Iraqi legislature has to organize an integrated process for domestic legislation; And that the PCs are committed to issue local legislations, regulations, instructions and orders, in accordance with the constitutional presumption, also not to violate the valid national laws, and not to encroach the administrative or financial issues, to the political ones. We do know that the application of the regional administrative decentralization is related to the administrative functions of the state, so the nature of the decisions issued by the PCs, which are administrative decisions, require that the administrative Court or the ( Conseil d’Etat) is competent to examine its legitimacy, not the Federal Supreme Court.
Keywords
Iraqi law; Local legislation

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