Risk Factors of Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases in Urban and Rural areas in Kerbala Governorate

Ali Abood Nassrullah, Hassan

	Risk Factors of Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases in Urban and Rural areas in Kerbala Governorate
Kerbala Journal of Medicine
Article 1, Volume 9, Issue 2, 2016, Pages 2557-2564 PDF (0 K)
Author
Hassan Ali Abood Nassrullah
Abstract
b ackground: Urban and rural population have different life style, including diet, physical activity, habits, and this can have an influence on the prevalence of chronic none communicable diseases. Objectives: To compare the prevalence of risk factors for chronic non-communicable diseases between urban and rural population sin Kerbala governorate in Iraq. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted from 16th Jan throughout Feb 2006 on the prevalence of none communicable diseases risk factors using the world health organization STEPS instrument. Data collected by direct interview with the 150 individuals adults (25-65 years old) from different parts of Kerbala governorate, 100 living in urban areas and 50 living in rural areas with nearly equal age and gender distribution. Data collected include demographic characteristics, lifestyle and risk factors (tobacco use, dietary habits regarding fruits and vegetables and oil or fat consumption, physical activity, and history of hypertension or diabetes mellitus). Physical examinations performed to measure blood, height, weight, body mass index, and waist circumference. Biochemical analysis tested the levels of glucose, high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, total cholesterol, and triglycerides. Results: Income was lower in rural respondents. Smoking was more prevalent in rural respondents (35.4% vs. 19.4%). Fruits and vegetables consumption was higher in rural respondents. Participants consuming ≥ 5servings /day 27% in rural areas vs. 22.4% in urban areas. Low physical activity was high in both urban and rural participants 37.8% in urban and 43.8% in rural areas. Obesity and overweight was more prevalent in urban participants 70.8% vs 43.8% in rural participants. Hypertension was more prevalent in urban respondents 40% vs. 34% in rural. Fasting blood glucose showed impaired blood glucose and diabetes mellitus in urban respondents respectively 32.6% and 9.5% vs. 25% and 4.5% in rural. Hypercholesterolemia was more prevalent in urban participants 54% vs. 29.4% in rural while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was lower in rural than urban participants (51.3% vs. 38%). Serum triglyceride was nearly the same in both urban and rural participants. Conclusion: Risk factors in urban participants that were higher than those in rural participants were, low consumption of fruits and vegetables, high prevalence of overweight and obesity, HT, impaired blood glucose and DM, and hypercholesterolemia. Smoking and low HDL cholesterol in rural participants were higher than those in urban participants.
Keywords
chronic; non; Communicable; diseases; risk factors; Urban; Rural; Kerbala

Statistics Article View: 185 PDF Download: 185