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Constructing a Measure of the Concept of Self for the Referees of the Group Games in Iraq | ||
| Sport culture | ||
| Article 1, Volume 7, Issue 2, 2016, Pages 1-39 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Majed Hameed Abd; Jassim Abbas Ali | ||
| Abstract | ||
| The problem of the research lies in the fact that there is no measure for the concept of self, constructed on sound scientific Bases for the referees of group games in Iraq. The study aims at: 1. Constructing a measure for the concept of self for the referees of group games in Iraq. 2. Applying the measure of self for the referees of group games in Iraq. 3. Knowing the level of the concept of self and comparing it among the referees of group games in Iraq. The sample of the study consists of: 1. The sample of measure construction: This includes (379) referees of group games in Iraq divided into (118) referees of football, (103) referees of basketball, (78) referees of handball, and (80) referees of volley ball. The researcher chose a group of the primary sample after banishing the survey sample of (29) referees; he chose (242) from the group games referees in Iraq of the construction group (the research society), the percentage of (%70) as a construction sample. These referees were randomly chosen to answer the items of the measure. 2. The sample of measure application: This includes (108) referees of the application group, the percentage of (%30) of the referees of group games in Iraq. As for the method and procedures of the research, the researcher applied the descriptive method because it is suitable for the nature of the research problem and in the field research procedures, the researcher has done the procedures of measure constructing in which six (aspects) of self were identified, namely "the physical self", "the social self", "the mental self", "the nervous self", "the bodily self" and "the skillful self" and each one of them was defined. The first draft of the measure was shown to a group of experts majoring in physical training psychology, testing and measurement. In order to judge the validity of the items in measuring the six fields (suitable/ unsuitable), some of the fields and items were deleted. They are two fields with their items (23 items) because they are unsuitable and repeated according to the experts' opinions. As a result for this four fields and (70) items were kept. After that I repeated the instructions of the measure to be distributed among (29) referees to recognize the nature of the measurement procedures and the obstacles and problems that accompany it to overcome them in the research which was done on the sample of 9242) referees in order to analyze the items of the measure statistically after the corrections to choose the suitable ones and to leave the unsuitable.At the end of this statistical analysis (12) items were dropped and (58) were kept which were suitable for the measure. The validity and reliability of the measure were deduced and the first one was the validity of content which includes the surface validity and it was confirmed when the measure was shown to a group of experts. The second was the validity of construction which includes two pointers (the two end groups and the internal harmony). This was confirmed by the statistical analysis of the items. As for the reliability, it was confirmed by the medial splitting upmethod, and with the end of the procedures of the measure construction the first part of the first objective of the present study was achieved, namely constructing a measure for the concept of self for the referees. In the application process, the researcher chose (108) of the referees of the group games in Iraq and the forms of measure of the concept of self were delivered to them which included (58) items. After scoring their answers, the forms became suitable for extracting the criteria and the levels. The second objective of the research was achieved with the end of the application procedures, namely applying the measure of the concept of self and achieving the first part of the third objective, i. e. recognizing the level of the concept of self for referees through the results of the research: constructing and applying a measure for the concept of self for referees of the group games in Iraq and comparing the levels of the concept of self among them and by this the second part of the third objective of the measure, which was constructed and applied on the examinees, was achieved. This was represented by five levels: (Strongly don't agree, (Don't agree, Partially agree, Agree, Strongly agree). In the light of the results of the study the researcher comes out with many recommendations, among them the potentiality of employing this measure for the referees of the group games in Iraq as well as the potentiality of using it by the researchers and specialists in psychological measurement and by M. A. and Ph. D. studentsin their researches and studies to recognize the level of the concept of self and to study the relation between the other variables as well as conducting a similar study to construct measures for the concept of self for the referees of individual games and the referees of the second degree of all games. | ||
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