Effect of Accompanying Fungi with Sorghum bicolor L.(Moench) on Vegetative Characteristics and forage yield  in marshland

	Effect of Accompanying Fungi with Sorghum bicolor L.(Moench) on Vegetative Characteristics and forage yield in marshland
Journal of Univesity of Thi-Qar
Article 1, Volume 10, Issue 4, 2015, Pages 1-8
Abstract
Sorghum crop Sorghum bicolor L.(Moench) is the strategic and forage crops that contribute to the increase of animal production in southern Iraq and in the world , because there are not more studies on the effect of fungi on vegetative of sorghum crop. Thus, this study aimed to identify obstacles to the production of sorghum crop especially fungi associated sorghum plant growth and its impact on the forage yield in marshlands areas of Thi Qar. This study carried out during the growing season autumn of 2005 in a village in the marshlands and laboratories department of biology / college of science / University of Thi-qar. This study showed that types of fungi and ratios presence on the seeds, as well as the vegetative parts of the plant. The most important types of fungi found on the seeds were Rhizoctonia solani with 22.33% of the cultivar V2 (Kfir cultivar) and 16.66% of cultivar V1( Enkth cultivr). Pythium sp. was showed that frequency 35.33% of the V2 cultivar, whether the frequency ratio of V1 cultivar was 23.50%. On the other hand, those results showed Macrophomina phaseoli caused the black root rot whether Fusarium gibberella caused the stem rot disease. The Sclerospora sorghum had apparent effect on leave which caused downy mildew with frequency 54.71% and 32.13% for both cultivars V2 and V1 respectively. Whether the Helminthosporium turcieum was caused blight leaves with frequency 34.28% and 12.38 % of V2 and V1 respectively. One result of this study show that the cultivar V1 was less the presence of fungi on grain and more resistant to pathogenic fungi on its vegetative parts compared to the cultivar V1 which affected the result on the crop growth and its vegetative parts.

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