Hydrological Changes in the Marches of Southern Iraq and Their Effect on Development and Environment

Hadi Mohammed, Yahiya; .Hamdan Bagi Noma, Prof

	Hydrological Changes in the Marches of Southern Iraq and Their Effect on Development and Environment
مجلة آداب البصرة
Article 12, Volume 13, Issue 80, 2017, Pages 334-361 PDF (0 K)
Authors
Yahiya Hadi Mohammed; Prof .Hamdan Bagi Noma
Abstract
The Marshes are considered as a natural phenomenon, which have environmental diversity of fauna and flora. In addition, they are considered as a transitional area for the growth of sea fishes, and they have important benefits for the reduction of desertification, and climate temperement. The marshes have been under a big climate change as a result of environmental change that led to the lack of rain and high temperatures. In addition, the impact of projects upper basin which led to reduction of revenue of water and reducting of the total area of the marshes, which led to the deterioration of water and soil quality. The total area of marshes in 1973 was (8350 km2), which are distributed over three provinces of Maysan, Basrah, and Thi-qar. The total area was reduced to (3275 Km2) in 2012, which is 39.2 % of the total area of the Marshes in the seventies. It is really difficult to provide water to recover the total area of the marshes or continue to immerse the current area, because of the lack of water and growth investment, which required actions for the development of water resources to fulfill the requirements of different developments and provide the water for marshes recovery.

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