Systematization of Language Policy : A Critical Review in the Light of Sociolinguistics

Dahish Farhan Al-Taei, Nima

	Systematization of Language Policy : A Critical Review in the Light of Sociolinguistics
Journal Dawat
Article 1, Volume 2, Issue 6, 2016, Pages 73-102
Author
Nima Dahish Farhan Al-Taei
Abstract
When I had reviewed a range of ideas since the so-called the Renaissance in the Arab world ,I came to notice that any attempt to reform the situation of Arabic language, especially the major problems, could weaken the language of Quran, and be regarded as a betrayal to the standard language. The charges for any attempt to simplify the language , to eliminate the strange expressions,and to tolerate speakers’ pronunciation have broadened because it is regarded as foreign or strange or unacceptable according to system of Arabic.These attempts are counted under the tendency of adoption of the dialect and elimination of the standard. The case has developed to contest between the opponents of the idea of the conformity with the nature of language and life, and the exponents who give a deaf ear to the logicality of this conformity, and the need for innovation,by insisting on sticking to old pronunciation and standards. If we take in consideration the undeniable scientific truth that the language is a living being that evolves , and responds to the needs of the people which uses it, we will find that the biggest obstacle to the development of modern Arab thought is the view that language is a doctrine valid for absolute provisions.This tendency is supported by some language specialists who prescribe standards of correctness , incorrectness , strengths and weaknesses to language users.However, if we realize the amount and type of social information and the ideas that might be needed for the grammar of language , we could avoid a great deal of misconceptions, namely that language is a closed and complete system which contains a set of rules that are much more resistant to change. To resolve these problems , the research is divided into three sections. 1-Problems of linguistic thinking ( causes and evidence), 2. Problems of foreign and original expressions ( necessity and remedy ) 3. Issues in linguistic violence ( reality and measures) The researcher comes up with some findings such as: 1.The total expressive values which constitute the source of the effect of language on thought represent a significant part of the culture of the community , which is what Foucault calls (the reality ).Eeach community has a system of reality that constitutes its policy about the reality. This system includes the types of acceptable speech, which fit to become a reality, as well as mechanisms that enable everyone to choose the right categories and exclude the wrong ones. 2.Protecting language is an major duty that should be carried out by critics of language, besides it is one of the most important duties of the States .Any negligence to carry out this duty will open the door wide towards language changes and leads to the death of language. Such protection does not mean freezing language , but it should be based on a reasonable reservation that might accept some development. 3. Saving language by getting out of solidification and stagnation trequires a great deal of collective work. 4. Linguistic violence is one cause of physical violence, which leads to the instability of social security . 5. Many causes of physical violence are dated back to the language of religious heritage, which for the most part was written by hypocrite preachers of Sultans. 6.The Media bear the bulk of responsibility to preserve Arabic because this language is not a tool of communication, but also is an important means to solve the problem of differences in the structure of the text. 7. The concerned sections in the ministries of Education, and Higher Education, bear part of the responsibility by preparing the suitable atmosphere as well as the means and capabilities to start the movement of renewal of educational curricula in accordance with the aim of balancing between language structure and the value of the professionalism.

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