Prevalence and determinants of Physical Inactivity among Diabetic and Hypertensive Patients, Baghdad-Iraq, 2015-2016

Al Lami, Faris; Faik, Munaf

	Prevalence and determinants of Physical Inactivity among Diabetic and Hypertensive Patients, Baghdad-Iraq, 2015-2016
IRAQI JOURNALOF COMMUNITY MEDICINE
Article 1, Volume 29, Issue 2, 2016, Pages 16-22
Authors
Faris Al Lami; Munaf Faik
Abstract
Background: The prevalence of NCDs is increasing throughout the world. Lifestyles changes particularly, unhealthy diets and lack of physical activity (PA) have been contributed to the increased prevalence of NCDs. Globally, the prevalence of physical inactivity (PI) is about 31%, however there is insufficient data about prevalence and determinants of PI among adults with Hypertension (HTN) and/or Diabetes (DM) in Baghdad. Objectives: The objective of this study is to measure the prevalence and identify high risk groups of PI among adults with HTN and DM in Baghdad, Iraq, 2015-2016. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among a representative sample of 584 adults with HTN and/or DM (age≥18 years) who attended primary health care centers in Baghdad, Iraq. Data were collected using structured questionnaire to gather socio-demographic information of the participants. 16-item Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ), which was administered in face-to-face interviews, developed by WHO and incorporated within the WHO Stepwise instrument, and scored as per standard protocols used to measure the PA variables. A metabolic equivalent task (MET) score of less than 600 indicates the presence of PI. Results: The total participants were 584. Overall, PI was found to be 57.5% (95% CI: 53.49%-61.51%).The study population was found to be least active in the leisure time domain (6.7%) compared with the work (45.7%) and transport (47.6%) domains. Binary analysis revealed the following risk factors: Age, sex, marital status, occupation, educational level, hypertension, combined hypertension and diabetes, BMI, and PA advice. Logistic regression analysis applied and revealed the following un-confounded risk factor: Aging (OR=1.047), Divorced or Widowed (OR=1.323), Retired or housewives (OR=1.331), Illiterate level of education (OR=1.439), obesity (OR=1.46) and lack of PA advice (OR=3.443). Conclusion: more than half of HTN and/or DM subjects in Iraq was physically inactive. Low education, obesity and lack of advice were the most important modifiable risk factors
Keywords
Physical inactivity; Iraq; hypertensive; Diabetic; prevalence

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