Bacterial contamination in platelet concentrates versus single donor plateletpheresis

Karim Al-Rahal, Nidal; Abd Al Hamza, Fatma; K Mashaali, Jawad

	Bacterial contamination in platelet concentrates versus single donor plateletpheresis
IRAQI JOURNALOF COMMUNITY MEDICINE
Article 1, Volume 29, Issue 3, 2016, Pages 173-177
Authors
Nidal Karim Al-Rahal; Fatma Abd Al Hamza; Jawad K Mashaali
Abstract
Background: Transfusion of platelets is commonly indicated in patients with thrombocytopenia due to hematological or oncological diseases. These platelets are obtained either through apheresis from a single donor or derived from the whole blood of several donors. The risk of bacterial infections with platelet transfusions is increased due to platelet storage at 22 C̊ rather than the 4 C̊ required by red cells. Aim: to determine the prevalence of bacterial contamination in platelet units either of random platelet concentrates or single donor platelets and to establish a strategy to reduce the risk of platelet unit’s contamination to limit and eventually prevent transfusion of bacterially contaminated units. Material and Methods: This study was conducted in the National Center of Hematology Al-Mustaniriyah university during the period from 2nd of January till the end of May 2013 a total of 150 platelet donors, 100 random platelet concentrates derived from whole blood received from National Blood Bank in Baghdad of different donors &50 single donor platelets leukodepleted obtained from a single donor by apheresis using Haemonetics (MCS +) cell separator machine. Platelet bacterial contamination was studied by prospective (active) measure for five months. From all the 150 platelet units Gram stain &culture were done. Results: Positive Gram stain was observed in 13(13%) of random donor platelet samples,7 units of random donor platelet (7%) samples yield positive culture (true positive rate )and 6 units of random donor platelet (6%) yield negative culture results (false positive rate) .Microscopy stain was negative in 87 samples, of which 8(8%) yield positive culture (false negative rate) and 79(79%) produce negative Gram stain & culture. No positive Gram stain noticed in all 50 single donor platelet samples otherwise positive culture observed in one sample. The sensitivity of Gram stain was o.46%. Culture were positive 15(15%) of random donor platelets units and one (2%) of single donor platelets units with P- value 0.026. fourteen of random donor platelet units were found to be positive for bacterial growth, with coagulase-negative staphylococcus species 93.33%, plus one gram-negative rod (Klebsiella pneumonia) 6.67% .From the second group of 50 single donor platelet units, 1 of PLT units was found to be positive for bacterial growth, with coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species 100% . Conclusion: The use of single donor platelet s is a simple measure to reduce platelet unit’s contamination which is high in Iraq. Other measures will be required to eliminate all platelet units’ contamination
Keywords
bacterial contamination; Random platelet concentrates; Single donor platelets

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