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The Economic and Social Conditions of Karbala Through the British Annual Report of Administration for 1917 | ||
| AL-SSBET JORNAL | ||
| Article 1, Volume 1, Issue 5, 2018, Pages 53-96 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Assist. Prof. Dr. Auday Hatim Al- Mifraji; Assist. Prof. Dr. Naaeem Abid Jouda | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Abstract The British documents, especially those yearly written on the Iraqi towns by the British political officers or assistant officers, could be considered as original materials of history. Thus, the British Political Officer of Karbala, Captain Bovil, shed lights on so significant economic and social matters in the British annual report of this city (1917). Bovil concentrated on other sides such as tribal and agricultural cases in addition to the questions of health, revenues and taxes. But it could be said that the military characteristic is prominent in that report. Studying the British reports of the Iraqi towns reveals important circumstances that have already been ignored in other resources. Those reports disclose accurate details which although seem as if they were simple formal data, but they uncover the British thinking and administrative way of rule and domination over the Iraqi society. The report of Karbala represents an important scientific subject to those who research in the modern history of Iraq, since it states the nature of the Iraqi community within a transitive period, the recently Ottoman and the British occupations. Hence, the British occupiers highly needed to settle down their authority in the territories of Iraq in any way possible. Therefore, they wanted to understand the past of Iraq in deep. Consequently, the Iraqis initiated resisting most of the British ways and forms of rule in a constant opposition as soon as the First World War over. This resistance concluded to the notable revolution in 1920 which put an end to the British direct rule and established local government, constitutional monarchy and parliament. | ||
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