Clinical and laboratory assessment of Herpes Simplex virus Type-I in saliva from patients with recurrent aphthous ulceration

A. AL-Shaikhly, Sana; Kh. Awad, Shaimaa

	Clinical and laboratory assessment of Herpes Simplex virus Type-I in saliva from patients with recurrent aphthous ulceration
Journal of baghdad college of dentistry
Article 1, Volume 22, Issue 4, 2010, Pages 119-125
Authors
Sana A. AL-Shaikhly; Shaimaa Kh. Awad
Abstract
ABSTRACTBackground: Herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) is a large enveloped deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) virus and significanthuman pathogen. It infects most persons early in life, primarily at mucosal surfaces following exposure to infectedsecretions, and causes a range of diseases from labialis and stomatitis to blinding keratitis and, rarely, encephalitis.Over 70% of the adult population have neutralizing antibodies to HSV and serve as reservoirs of the virus.Aims of the study: The aims of the study are to show the prevalence of HSV-1 among patients with recurrentaphthous stomatitis (RAS) and correlate with sex, age and clinical features of patients in comparison with healthycontrol and to determine the diagnostic role of direct immunofluorescent (IF) and enzyme linked immunosorbantassay (ELISA) for detection of HSV-1 antigen and antibody in saliva.Materials and methods: Sixty patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis and thirty healthy control subjects wereincluded in this study. Saliva samples were taken from all the subjects (patients and healthy control) and examinedby direct IF and ELISA assay. Two swabs from patients with oral herpes labialis were considered as a positive control.Results: The results of our study showed that RAS affect both sexes with a wide age range but mostly in the secondand third decades and comprising middle to upper class professional persons or students, mostly non-smoker andsome with a family history of the same disorder. The most commonly affected mucosa is the labial mucosa, buccalmucosa, tongue, and rarely the soft palate and floor of the mouth. Positive IF result was observed in 78.3% inpatients' subjects and 83.3% in healthy control. While in ELISA, the positive result was found in 55.0% in patients and76.7% in control subjects.Conclusion: There were a significant correlation between the IF and ELISA methods. As far as the saliva is regarded asa tansudate of the serum and it contain the same antibodies as serum; although in smaller amounts, so, it can beused as a substance to detect the immunoglobulins because it's easily available and simply examined. (J Bagh CollDentistry 2010;22(4):119-125).

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