Protective Effects of Cinnamon on oxidative stress and nephron toxicity induced by Lead Acetate in Male Albino (Rattus rattus)

Mohammed, Sulaf Mustafa

	Protective Effects of Cinnamon on oxidative stress and nephron toxicity induced by Lead Acetate in Male Albino (Rattus rattus)
Journal of Zankoy Sulaimani - For Pure and Applied Science
Article 1, Volume 20, Issue 2, 2018, Pages 1-8
Author
Sulaf Mustafa Mohammed
College of Science, Biology Department, Sulaimani University, Bakrajo Street, Sualimaniyah, Iraq
Abstract
Cinnamon the eternal tree of tropical medicine is one of the most important and spices used daily by people all over the world for preparing delicious foods. This plant considers as a rich source of antioxidants. Therefore, the current research was aimed to study the protective effects of cinnamon against oxidative stress and, nephron-toxicity induced by Lead acetate in male rats. For this purpose, 35 male rats have been used, they were randomly allotted to five groups each with seven rats; The first group was used as a control negative and was fed on the standard diet and tap water. The second group was injected intraperitoneally (IP) (20 mg/kg BW) with lead acetate. The third group was treated with 10% cinnamon dissolved drinking water and injected with 20 mg/kg BW lead acetate. The fourth group was treated with 20% cinnamon dissolved in drinking water and injected with lead acetate (20 mg/kg BW). The fifth group was treated with 40% cinnamon dissolved in drinking water and injected with lead acetate (20 mg/kg.bw). After 10 weeks of the experiment, blood collected for estimation of superoxide dismutase (SOD), levels of total glutathione (GSH), malonaldehyde (MDA), serum creatinine and blood urea. The second group results revealed that lead acetate has a negative effect on rats by significantly decreasing the level of SOD, total GSH, blood urea and creatinine and significantly increasing the level of MDA in the serum of rats. The protective activity of cinnamon against oxidative stress and nephrotoxicity was dose-dependent because the best result has been obtained from third group Pb+10% cinnamon by improving levels of SOD, GSH, blood urea, serum creatinine concentration. Positive impacts of cinnamon decreased at a higher concentration 20% cinnamon and 40% cinnamon. As a result, cinnamon at low concentration has a great impact on oxidative stress and nephron-toxicity.
Keywords
Lead acetate; nephron-toxicity; Oxidative stress; antioxidant; cinnamon; Renal function; lipid peroxidation

References
[1] Mohammed, S.M.. "Effect of Broccoli (Brassica oleracea) on Some Physiological Variables and Reproductive System on Lead Acetate Exposed Adult Male Albino (Rattus rattus)". Tikrit University College of Science. (2015). [2] Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), "Toxicological Profile for Lead, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services", Public Health Service, Atlanta, GA. (2007). [3] Mohammed, S.M, Mohammed, M.J., Al Aboosi, E. "Effects of Broccoli on Oxidative Stress Produced by Lead Acetate in Male Albino Rats Rattus Rattus". IJSRSET,Vol. 1, No. 4, pp. 153-158. (2015). [4] Mohammed, M.M. "Physiological and histological effects of lead acetate in the kidney of Mus Musculus", Journal of the University of Anbar for pure science. Vol. 4, No.2, pp. 1-7. (2010). [5] Farrag, R.H., Mahdy, K.A., AbdelRahman, G.H. & Osfor, M.M. "Protective effect of Nigella Sativa seeds against lead-induced hepatorenal damage in male rats," Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences. Vol. 10, No. 17, pp. 2809–2816. (2007). [6] El-Nekeety, A.A., El-Kady, A.A., Soliman, M.S., Hassan, N.S. & Abdel-Wahhab, M.A. "Protective effect of Aquilegia vulgaris (L.) against lead acetate-induced oxidative stress in rats". Food Chem. Toxicol., Vol. 47, No. 9, pp. 2209–2215. (2009). [7] Sharma, B., Singh, S., & Siddiqi, N. J. "Biomedical Implications of Heavy Metals Induced Imbalances in Redox Systems". BioMed Research International, Vol. 26. (2014). [8] Abdou, H. M. & Hassan, M. A. "Protective Role of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid against Lead Acetate-Induced Toxicity in Liver and Kidney of Female Rats". BioMed Research International, 435857. (2014). [9] Skerget, M., Kotnik, P., Hadolin, M., Hras, A.R., Simonic, M., Knez, Z. "Phenols, proanthocyanidins, flavones and flavonols in some plant materials and their antioxidant activities". Food Chem. Vol. 89, pp. 191–198. (2005). [10] Su, L., Yin, J.J., Charles, D., Zhou, K., Moore, J., Yu, L. "Total phenolic contents, chelating capacities, and radical-scavenging properties of black peppercorn, nutmeg, rosehip, cinnamon and oregano leaf". Food Chem. Vol. 100, pp. 990–997. (2007). [11] Morgana, A.M., El-Ballal, S.S., El-Bialy, B.E. & EL-Borai, N.B. "Studies on the potential protective effect of cinnamon against bisphenol A- and octylphenol-induced oxidative stress in male albino rats". Toxicology Reports Vol. 1, pp. 92–101. (2014). [12] Kim, S.H. Hyun, S.Y. Choung, J. "Antioxidative effects of Cinnamon cassia and Rhodiola rosea extracts in the liver of diabetic mice". Biofactor Vol. 26, pp. 209–219. (2006). [13] Subramanian, P., Sivabalan, S., Menon, V.P., and Vasudevan, K. "Influence of chronic zinc supplementation on biochemical variables and circadian rhythms in Wistar rats". J. Nutr. Res., Vol. 20, pp. 413-425. (2000). [14] National Research Council. "Nutrient requirements of Laboratory Animals, Fourth Revised Edition", Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. (1995). [15] Patra, R. C., Rautray, A.K. & Swarup, D. "Oxidative Stress in Lead and Cadmium Toxicity and Its Amelioration". Veterinary Medicine International, Vol. 2011, p: 9 (2011). [16] Wright, L.F., Saylor, R.P, & Cecere, F.A. "Occult lead intoxication in patients with gout and kidney disease". The Journal of Rheumatology. Vol. 11, No. 4, pp. 517–520. (1984). [17] kumar, R., Sikary, S.K., Jaiswal, A. K., Millo, T., Singh, N.& Sharma, K. "Lead Poisoning Analytical Aspects and It's Management". International Journal of Biological & Pharmaceutical Research. Vol. 5, No, 12, pp. 893-903. (2014). [18] Salim, M. "Evaluation of performance of date palm pollen on urea and creatinine levels in adult female rats exposed to lead acetate intoxication". Int. J. Biomed. Adv. Res. Vol. 6, No. 1, pp. 20-24. (2015). [19] Sharma, S. & Singh, B. "Effects of acute and chronic lead exposure on kidney lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activities in BALB-C mice (Mus musculus)". Int. J. Sci. Res. Vol. 3, pp. 1564-1566. (2014). [20] Moneim, A.E.A., Dkhil, M.A. & Al-Quraishy, S. "The protective effect of flaxseed oil on lead acetateinduced renal toxicity in rats". J. Hazard. Mater., Vol. 194, pp. 250-255. (2011). [21] Lakshmi, B.V.S., Sudhakar, M. & Aparna, M. "Protective potential of Black grapes against leadinduced oxidative stress in rats". Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol. Vol. 35, No. 3, pp. 361-368. (2013). [22] B. Halliwell, "Free radicals and antioxidants—quo Vadis?". Trends in Pharmacological Sciences, Vol. 32, No. 3, pp. 125–130, (2011). [23] Rao, P.V. & Gan, S.H. "Review Article Cinnamon: A Multifaceted Medicinal Plant. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine", 12 Articles. (2014). [24] Kim, S. J., Han, D., Moon, K. D.& Rhee, J. S. "Measurement of superoxide dismutase-like activity of natural antioxidants. Bioscience". Biotechnology, and Biochemistry, Vol. 59, No. 5, pp. 822–826. (1995). [25] Shobana, S. & Naidu, K.A. "Antioxidant activity of selected Indian spices". Prostaglandins Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids. Vol. 62, No. 2, pp. 107-110. (2000). [26] Okawa, M., Kinjo, J., Nohara, T. & Ono, M. "DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-Picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity of flavonoids obtained from some medicinal plants". Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, Vol. 24, No. 10, pp. 1202–1205. (2001). [27] Murcia, M., Egea, I., Romojaro, F., Parras, P., Jimenez, A., Martinez-Tome, M. "Antioxidant evaluation in dessert spices compared with common food additives. Influence of irradiation procedure". Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Vol. 52, pp. 1872-1881. (2004). [28]Muhammad, H.A., Jubrail, A.M.S.& Najee, M.K. "Impact of Cinnamon Extract on Liver, Kidneys, and Spleen of Diabetic Rats". International Journal of Chemical and Biomolecular Science Vol. 1, No. 4, pp. 248-254. (2015). [29] Khan, R., Khurshid, A., Zakkia K., Safdar, HS., Nawab, Z., and Mohammad S.K. "Cinnamon on the Functions of Liver and Kidney in Type 2 Diabetic Individuals". Ann. Pak. Inst. Med. Sci., Vol. 8, No. 2, pp. 145-149. (2012). [30] Sengsuk, C., Sanguanwong, S., Tangvarasittichai, O.& Tangvarasittichai, S. "Effect of cinnamon supplementation on glucose, lipids levels, glomerular filtration rate, and blood pressure of subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus". Diabetology International, Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 124–132. (2016). [31] Tanomand, S. & Najafian, M. "Inhibitory effects of cinnamon extract on gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in male adult Wistar rats". Advances in Environmental Biology, Vol. 7, No. 9, pp. 2100- 2104. (2013). [32] El-Yamani, M. "Cinnamon, cardamom and ginger impacts as evaluated on hyperglycemic rats". Research of Specific Education Mansoura University, Vol. 20, pp. 664-679. (2011). [33] Mishra A., Bhatti R., Singh A. & Singh Ishar M. "Ameliorative effect of the cinnamon oil from Cinnamomum zeylanicum upon early-stage diabetic nephropathy". Planta Med, Vol. 76, No. 5, pp. 412- 417. (2010). [34] Ullah, N., Khan M., Khan T.&Ahmad W. "Bioactive traditional plant Cinnamomum zeylanicum successfully combat against nephrotoxic effects of aminoglycosides". Bangladesh J Pharmacol. Vol. 8, pp. 15–21. (2013). [35] Sakr1, S.A & Albarakai, A.Y. "Research Article, Effect of cinnamon on cypermethrin-induced nephrotoxicity in albino rats". International Journal of Advanced Research, Vol. 2, No.7, pp. 578-586. (2014). [36] Abdelwahab, S.I., Mariod, A.A., Elhassan, M.M., Zaman, F.Q., Ahmed, A.H., Khamis, S., Sivasothy, Y. & Awang, K. "Chemical composition and antioxidant properties of the essential oil of Cinnamomum altissimum Kosterm. (Lauraceae)". Arabian Journal of Chemistry,Vol. 10, No. 1, pp. 131-135. (2017). [37] Shihabudeen, M., Priscilla, H., Thirumurugan, K. "Cinnamon extract inhibits glucosidase activity and dampens postprandial glucose excursion in diabetic rats". Nutr Metab, Vol. 8, pp. 1-11. (2011). [38] Gould, K. & Lister, C. "Flavonoid functions in plants. In: Andersen OM, Markham KR (Eds.)". Flavonoids: chemistry, biochemistry, and applications.London: CRC Press: pp. 397-440. (2006). [39] Heim, K.E., Tagliaferro, A.R.and Bobilyo, D.J. "Flavonoid antioxidants: chemistry, metabolism, and structure-activity relationships". J. Nutr Biochem., Vol. 13, No. 10, pp. 572-584. (2002). [40] Mashhadi, N.S., Ghiasvand, R., Hariri, M., Askari, G., Feizi, A., Darvishi, L., Hajishafiee, M.& Barani, A. "Effect of ginger and cinnamon intake on oxidative stress and exercise performance and body composition in Iranian female athletes". Int. J. Prev. Med., Vol. 4, S31–S35. (2013). [41] Talaei, B., Amouzegar A., Sahranavard S., Hedayati M., Mirmiran P. & Azizi F. "Article, Effects of Cinnamon Consumption on Glycemic Indicators, Advanced Glycation End Products, and Antioxidant Status in Type 2 Diabetic Patients". Nutrients, 9, 991, doi: 10.3390/nu9090991. (2017). [42] Born, S.L, Api, A.M., R.A., Lefever F.R., and Hawkins, D.R. "Comparative metabolism and kinetics of coumarin in mice and rats". Food and chemical toxicology. Vol. 41, No. 2, pp. 247–58. (2003).
Statistics Article View: 164