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Estimate The Effect Of International Trade For Invironmental Services Sample From WTO Countries | ||
| TANMIYAT AL-RAFIDAIN | ||
| Article 1, Volume 37, Issue 120, 2018, Pages 9-28 PDF (0 K) | ||
| DOI: 10.33899/tanra.2018.159988 | ||
| Author | ||
| Saad M. Alkawaz | ||
| mosul | ||
| Abstract | ||
| The trade of environmental services has attracted the attention of international economists concerned with foreign trade, especially at the end of the twentieth century and the beginning of the twenty-first century. The liberalization of trade in these services has made a quantum leap for the developed and developing countries, especially the members of the World Trade Organization; Growth in the trade in these services has been accompanied by growth in commodity trade, as well as by their higher contribution to the gross domestic product (GDP) of those countries. The problem of research is the lack of relative diversity in the environmental services of the countries sample research, forcing them to foreign trade for the purpose of providing import and use to stimulate economic growth. The research is based on the hypothesis that there is or is no impact of the trade of environmental services in the economic growth of the selected countries. The aim of the research is to assess the impact of foreign trade, especially the trade of environmental services in the economic growth of a sample of the member countries of the World Trade Organization. The research treated the theoretical side of the trade of environmental services, focusing on the main indicators of this trade, as well as the quantitative analysis of the impact of trade of these services in economic growth. The results of the research found that the net trade in environmental services, population, carbon dioxide emissions and fossil fuels had a positive and significant effect on the (GDP) values of most of the countries of the sample while it had a negative and insignificant effect for some of them. The research put forward several proposals, the most important of which is the development of environmental protection laws and regulations that reflect the economic and environmental performance as well as the work of future studies complementary to this research. . | ||
| Keywords | ||
| fluoride ion; Trade Services; Invironmental Trade; pharmaceutical preparations; Invironmental Services; water samples; Economic Growth | ||
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