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Research and Development GAP at Countries of Middle East and North Africa and Its Arab Reflections: Turkey an Example | ||
| TANMIYAT AL-RAFIDAIN | ||
| Article 12, Volume 28, Issue 83, 2006, Pages 175-203 PDF (506.94 K) | ||
| Document Type: Research Paper | ||
| DOI: 10.33899/tanra.2006.161647 | ||
| Author | ||
| Dr. Nawfal Al-shahwan | ||
| Abstract | ||
| ABSTRACT This paper aims at identifying and analyzing different dimensions of the Research and Development (R&D) gap; within the countries of Middle East and North Africa (MENA), and between them; with the regional neighbors; and with the advanced economies. The type of analysis (R&D) represents the essential basis of the economic development and technical change, knowledge based. The current paper implements the inductive analysis methodology for human development indicators and different research capabilities at the group of MENA's countries. In order to indicate the main and important dimensions of the Arab (R&D) gap, alarming interests to the Arabic ignorance range to this vital corner of Technological Progress and of economic growth. The study reached conclusive results affirming that the Arab non-Arab scientific gap is continuously extended and conveying serious reflections to the future of the next generations on the scientific, industrial, and information scopes and a wide variance in scientific systematic specifications; besides fluctuated rates of growth. These results let the Arab countries missing on one hand the sustained components of catching up and on the other the economic development knowledge based and then widely violating their sustaining with the world economic growth. The most important estimates of that gap scientists and engineers throughout one world million populations 1:5 and of the whole world size 1:13. Those homes are working at the scientific activities throughout three decades ago between 1:16 to 1:11. The ratio of R&D expenditures from GDP is 1:10 and from the total world ones 1:20, using large computers capacities 1:25. 25:1. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Research and Development GAP; Countries of Middle East and North Africa | ||
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