Basrah Journal of Veterinary Research,Vol.15, No.3,2016
Proceeding of 5th International Scientific Conference,College of Veterinary Medicine
University of Basrah,Iraq
27
EFFECT OF DEFICIENCY SOME MINERALS ( CALCIUM ,NONORGANIC
PHOSPHORUS AND MAGNESIUM) ON OCCURRENCE
OF UTERINE PROLAPSE IN LOCAL BUFFALOES BREED IN BASRA
PROVINCE .
Mosa Fadiel Abbas , Tahir A. Fahad
Department of Surgery and Obstetrics , College of Veterinary Medicine University of Basrah
, Basrah, Iraq
Key words: buffaloes , serum minerals , uterine prolapse.
ABSTRACT
The present study aimed to determine the macro minerals status ( calcium , phosphorus
and magnesium ) in the local buffaloes breed that suffering from uterine prolapse compared
with other buffaloes withoututerine prolapse. The study started from August 2015 to
May 2016 , and conducted on 100 local buffalo breed, 3-14 years old, reared in Basra
province (Basra – Iraq ). Animals were divided into two groups, first group included (
40 ) diseased animals with uterine prolapse and the second group included ( 60 ) animals
without uterine prolapse served as control. Diseased buffaloes were diagnosed on the
bases of clinical manifestation, since uterine prolapse were evaluated after 6-72 hours
post calving.The results showed that there wasa drastic decrease in serum macro minerals
levels in prolapsed animals, and calcium serum level was (6.31 ± 0.71mg/dl), phosphorus
(3.69 ± 0.45mg/dl) and magnesium (2.85 ± 0.18mg/dl) compared with levels of control
animals that showed (10.02 ± 1.52, 4.97 ± 0.39 , 5.17 ± 0.97) mg/dl of the calcium,
phosphorus and magnesium successively. It was concluded that deficiency of calcium,
phosphorus and magnesium serum level in the last period of pregnancy and at parturition
might be possible causes of post calving uterine prolapse in these buffaloes .
INTRODUCTION
Prolapse of genitallia is one of the major problems causing heavy economic losses to
livestock owners through negative influence on the productive and reproductive performance
of the buffalo (1 ). Furthermore, it have been shown that hypocalcemia results in myometrial
fatigue and delays cervical involution, both of which could predispose to uterine prolapse ( 2 ;
3).The reducing values of trace minerals in mother at the time of parturition might also be a
Basrah Journal of Veterinary Research,Vol.15, No.3,2016
Proceeding of 5th International Scientific Conference,College of Veterinary Medicine
University of Basrah,Iraq
28
cause of this postpartum prolapse (4 ; 5 ).The prolapse is visible as a large mass protruding
from the vulva, often hanging down below the animal’s hock ( 6 ). In the period immediately
after prolapsed occurs the tissues appear almost normal, but within a few hours they become
enlarged and edematous ( 7 ).Treatment should begin with restraining and evaluating the
patient for the presence of metabolic or musculoskeletal disease and treated as indicated( 8 ).
Animals with uterine prolapse treated promptly recovers without complication while delayed
treatment could result in death of the animal in a matter of hour or so from internal
hemorrhage caused by the weight of the organ which tears the mesovarium and artery (9 ). The
disease was considered as one of the important complication or sequel of abnormal
parturition which might lead to economic losses there for the study were aimed to:
estimatesome trace elements (calcium, magnesium , and non-organic phosphorus) and to
find out the relation of minerals imbalance with uterine prolapse .
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Experimental animals
The present study conducted on local buffalo breed, 3-14 years old. Most of the
animals were treated at the consultant veterinary hospital of the veterinary medicine
college / University of Basra and at private veterinary clinics . For this purpose , a total
of (100) animals were divided into two groups , first group included ( 40 ) diseased
animals with uterine prolapse and the second group included ( 60 ) animals without
uterine prolapse (control) .Complete history regarding the clinical status of the disease
was obtained.
Blood collection and processing
About (10) ml of blood was collected from (20) animals from each group within 6-72
hours after calving , in clean, sterilized, plane test tubes by jugular vein puncture .
Serum was separated from blood samples by centrifugation at (5000 rpm) for 15
minutes, and then the serum samples were stored at(-20 c°) until analyzed for the
Calcium , Magnesium and Phosphorus contents. serum calcium concentrations were
estimated using the calcium Kit ( Accent 200 , China ,Cat. No. 7-247). Serum magnesium
concentrations were estimated using the magnesium Kit (Accent 200, China , Cat. No. 7-
229). Serum phosphorus level were studied by using the phosphorus Kit ( Accent 200
,China , Cat. No. 7-243). Each of these tests worked by a devicechemistry automatic
Basrah Journal of Veterinary Research,Vol.15, No.3,2016
Proceeding of 5th International Scientific Conference,College of Veterinary Medicine
University of Basrah,Iraq
29
analyzeraccent 200 system.Statistical analysis: Thesignificance of variations between
prolapsed animals and non-prolapsed animals were statistically analyzed using
(SPSS) student t-test P≤ 0.05 (10).
RESULTS
Mean serum values (±SE) for calcium, phosphorus and magnesium in control and
uterine prolapse affected buffaloes were presented in Table 1. Mean serum calcium
concentration in buffaloes suffering from uterine prolapse was 6.31 ± 0.71mg/dl, while in
control animals it was 10.02 ± 1.52 mg/dl. In both groups, mean serum calcium
concentration was significantly low (p ≤ 0.05) in animals that suffering from uterine
prolapse compared with that of buffaloes without uterine prolapse . Mean serum values
(±SE) phosphorus concentration in the serum of buffaloes suffering from uterine prolapse
was 3.69 ± 0.45mg/dl, versus 4.97 ± 0.39 mg/dl in control animals . Serum phosphorus
concentration differed significantly (p ≤ 0.05) in prolapsed animals comparison with
control buffaloes . Mean magnesium concentration in the serum of buffaloes suffering
from uterine prolapse was 2.85 ± 0.18 mg/dl, while in control animals it was 5.17 ±
0.97mg/dl. In both groups, magnesium concentration in diseased animals was
significantly low (p ≤ 0.05) compared with the control animals .
Table : Values of serum macro minerals levels (mg/dl) in uterine prolapse and
control groups (n=20)
* refer to significant differences at (p ≤ 0.05)
DISCUSSION
Minerals are an important component of the animals nutrition, they play an important
role in metabolism, normal growth and reproduction. Minerals have direct or indirect
Animals
groups
Parameters
Calcium serum
Level
phosphorus serum
Level
Magnesium serum
Level
Uterine
Prolapse group
6.31 ± 0.71* 3.69 ± 0.45* 2.85 ± 0.18*
Control group 10.02 ± 1.52 4.97 ± 0.39 5.17 ± 0.97
Basrah Journal of Veterinary Research,Vol.15, No.3,2016
Proceeding of 5th International Scientific Conference,College of Veterinary Medicine
University of Basrah,Iraq
30
effect on the productive and reproductive health of animals (11 ). Deficiency of same
macro minerals as calcium, phosphorus and magnesium may be act as predisposing
factor that lead to uterine prolapse in buffaloes ( 4 ).
In the present study, there is significant low serum calcium level were recorded
in diseased animals. (12;13) were also reported that the occurrence of uterine
prolapse might predispose to hypo calcemic in diseased animals . Furthermore , the
disturbance in the calcium metabolism and its utilization by the tissue result in atony
of genital organ specially the uterus ( 14 ).
The second important macro element was phosphorous, which is essential
mineral in the body and play an important role in cell metabolism, therefore the
maintenance of proper Ca:p ratio is depend on the amount of phosphorous
provided (15).In the present study, the results had been shown a low phosphorous
level and significant variation in this level between prolapsed animals and control
group were recorded . Similar finding had been reported by others (4 ; 16 ). The
role of phosphorous in phospholipids synthesis might be a main factor to its effect of
reproduction and occurrence of uterine prolapse ( 17 ). In the present study, there are
significant decrease in serum magnesium level in prolapsed animals compared to the
control group. Moreover , (13; 4 ) were also found a similar results. Whereas these
results dose not agreed with (18 ).
Low level of minerals may be resulting from malnutrition and poor quality
food such as hay that does not provide adequate amount of macro minerals
during the dry period which is necessary for maintenance of these minerals till the
calving period ( 19 ). Based on the results of the present study, it may be concluded that
deficiency of calcium, phosphorus and magnesium might be the possible factor that lead
to uterine prolapse in buffaloes.
Basrah Journal of Veterinary Research,Vol.15, No.3,2016
Proceeding of 5th International Scientific Conference,College of Veterinary Medicine
University of Basrah,Iraq
31
تأثیر نقص بعض المعادن ( الکالسیوم ،الفسفور والمغنیسیوم )على حدوث تدلی الرحم فی
الجاموس المحلی فی محافظة البصرة .
موسى فاضل عباس ، طاھر عبد الحسین فھد
فرع الجراحةِ والتولیدِ ،کلیَّةِ الطبِّ البیطری ، جامعة البصرة ،البصرة ، العراق
الخلاصة
انی ی تع یِّ الت ھدفت الدراسة الحالیة الى تقیم المعادنِ الکبیرةِ (کالسیوموفسفورومغنیسیوم) فی سلالةالجاموس المحل
ار ى ای ةمِنْ آبِ 2015 إل مِنْ تدلی الرحم مقارنھ بالجوامیسِ الأخرى التی لا تعانی من حالة تدلی الرحم . بدأت الدراس
ة ی محافظ نھ ف 14 س - ن 3 ا م راوح اعمارھ ی تت اموس) محل اث الج وان( ان ى 100 حی ة عل ت الدراس 2016 ،واجری
دلی البصرة – العراق . قسمت الحیوانات الى مجموعتین : المجموعة الاولى تتضمن ( 40 ) من الحیوانات المریضة بت
ة ات المریض یطرة . الحیوان ة س ذت کمجموع رحم اتخ دلی ال الرحم والمجوعة الثانیة شملت ( 60 ) حیوان بدون حالة ت
ان ائِجَ ب رت النَت ولادة . اظھ د ال 72 ساعة بع - شخصت من خلال العلامات السریری ، حیث ان تدلی الرحم قیم بعد 6
توى ان مس ائج ب ت النت ث بین رحم ، حی دلی ال ن ت انی م ی تع ات الت ی الحیوان رة ف ھناک نقص فی مستوى المعادن الکبی
± یوم ( 2.85 یلتر) ومغنیس م/ دیس 0.45 ملغ ± فور ( 3.69 یلتر) ،فس م/ دیس 0.71 ملغ ± یوم ( 6.31 ل الکالس مص
،1.52 ± تویاتھا ( 10.02 ت مس ث کان یطرة ، حی ات الس ل حیوان ی مص تویاتھا ف ع مس ة م 0.18 ملغم/ دیسیلتر) مقارن
ذه لال ھ ن خ والی. م یومِعلى الت ن الکالسیومِوفسفورِومغنیس 0.97 ) ملغم/ دیسیلتر لکل م ± 5.17 ، 0.39 ± 4.97
رة ام الاخی الدراسة نستنتج ان نقص کل من الکالسیوم والفسفور والمغنیسیوم فی مصل الجاموس الحوامل وخلال الای
من الحمل واثناء الولادة تعتبر من العوامل المھیئة لحدوث حالة تدلی الرحم ما بعد الولادة فی الجاموس .
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