Ibn Abd al-Hakam, Abu Al-Qasim Abd al-Rahman ibn Abdullah (d. 257 Ah / 871 ad), conquest of Egypt and Morocco, No.1, Library of religious culture, 1415 Ah.
Al-balathari, Ahmad ibn Yahya (d: 279 Ah / 892 ad), Fatouh al-Balad, 1st Floor, Al-Hilal House and library, Beirut, 1988.
Ibn Khayyat, Abu Amr Khalifa Ibn Khayyat Al-Shaybani (d. 240 Ah / 854 ad), Tereekh, investigation: Akram Dia al-Omari, 2nd floor, Dar Al-Qalam, Beirut, 1397 Ah).
Salem and Abbadi, Abdulaziz, Ahmed Mukhtar History of the Islamic Navy in Morocco and Andalusia, Vol.1, Dar Al-Nahda Al-Arabiya, Beirut, 1969.
Kehala, Omar Reda, the Islamic world, A Brief History of the Islamic State, Vol. 2, Damascus, 1958.
( )Ahmed, Nahla Shihab, The Arab Maghreb During the Reign of Uqba Ibn Nafi Fihri: A Political Study, unpublished master's thesis, submitted to the Faculty of Arts, University of Mosul, 1987.
Al-Wazzan, Al-Hassan ibn Muhammad, Description of Africa, translation: Abdul Rahman Hamida, no .I, (Riyadh, 1399H).