Computation of Climatic Water Balance of AL-Sulaymania Meteorological Station for the Period 1980-2016, Kurdistan Region, Northeast of Iraq

Ismail, Muayad M.; Abd-Ulkareem, Faaeza A.; Hussain, Tariq Abed

doi:10.30684/etj.v39i12.1553

	Computation of Climatic Water Balance of AL-Sulaymania Meteorological Station for the Period 1980-2016, Kurdistan Region, Northeast of Iraq
Engineering and Technology Journal
Article 26, Volume 39, Issue 12, 2021, Pages 1952-1959 PDF (621.03 K)
DOI: 10.30684/etj.v39i12.1553
Authors
Muayad M. Ismail; Faaeza A. Abd-Ulkareem; Tariq Abed Hussain^*
Civil Engineering Department, University of Technology-Iraq, Alsina’a street, 10066 Baghdad, Iraq.
Abstract
AL-Sulaymania city is located in the northeast of Iraq at an altitude of 845 m from the sea levelbetween longitudes (44 30 00 – 46 20 00) east and latitudes (34 33 00- 36 30 00) north. It covers an area of approximately 20000 km². The study area includes several geological formations (from the oldest to the earliest), Balambo Formation (Early Cretaceous), Qumchuqa, Kometan, Shiranish, Tanjero, Kolosh, Sinjar Formation and Quaternary deposits. The climatic data recorded by AL-Sulaymania meteorological station for the period (1980-2016) shows that the total falling rain was (423.86) mm, the temperature was (13.88 ° C), relative humidity was (22.36%), wind speed was (2.08m / s), sunshine was (8.06 hours / day), and the total evaporation from free surfaces was (1747.4mm). The climate of the study area is wet in winter and dry in summer.Corrected potentialevapotranspiration was calculatedtheoretically byapplying Thornthwaite method, where the value was 589.02mm, the water surplus was also calculated, which accounted for 74.24% divided into surface runoffand its value was 41.02 mmand GroundwaterRecharge which was 92.65mm,whilethewater deficit represents25.76 % of theannualrainfall.
Highlights
In this study, the water surplus was calculated from the total rainfall, and the water deficit was also calculated. The surface runoff in the study area and the groundwater were calculated from the total rainfall. The climate of the study area it can be considered Humid to moist. methods and/or results of the work.
Keywords
AL-Sulaymania city; Climate; Evapotranspiration; Water balance; Water Deficit; Water surplus

References
[1] Buday, T.andJassim, S.Z., The regional geology of Iraq. Volume 2: Tectonism, Magmatism and metamorphism. Publication of GEOSURV. Baghdad. 352.(1987). [2] Jassim,Sand goff,j, Geology of Iraq, Published by Dolin, Prague and Museum, Bmo.printed in the Czech Republic,p 341. (2006). [3] Iraqi Meteorological Organization. Climatic data for AL-Sulaymania station, for period from (1980-2016) (un published internal report).(2017). [4] Lerner, N.D., Issar A.S. and Simmers, I. Groundwater recharge- a Guide to understanding and estimating natural recharge, IAH International Contributions to Hydrogeology, 8, Taylor and Francis, Balkema, Rotterdam, Hanover.(1990). [5] Kettaneh, M.S., and Gangopadhyaya, M. Climatologic water budget and water availability periods of Iraq, IARNR, Baghdad. Tech. (65), (1974)19. [6] Al-Kubaisi, Q.Y. Annual aridity index of type.1 and type.2 mode options climate classification, Science Journal, 45c (1) (2004) 32-40. [7] Wilson, E. M. Engineering hydrology. McGraw-Hill Press. Fourth Edition Ltd. 182 (1971). [8] Shaw, E. M. Hydrology in practice. 3rd Ed. Stanley Thornes Publ. U.K.569 (1999). [9] Viessman, W.J. and Lewis, G.L., Introduction to Hydrology, Person Education, Inc. and Dorling Kindcrsly, Inc.5th Edition., India, 612 (2007). [10] Chow, V. T. Handbook of applied hydr0l0gy. A compendium of water resources technology McGraw. Hill Book Company, 1st Edition. New York, 1454 (1964). [11] Al-Mayahi, S.O.M. Assessment of Dujaila River Water and its Relationship With the Agricultural Soil of Dujaila Project Wasit Governorate – Central Iraq, Ms.C. Thesis, Baghdad University, Iraq, 138(2016). [12] Hassan, H. A. Hydrogeological conditions of the central art of the Erbil Basin, Ph.D. Thesis, Baghdad University, Iraq, p: 180.1981. [13] Thornthwait, C.W. An Approach toward a Relation Classification of Climate, Geographical Review, 32, p: 55.1948. [14] Hassan, I. O. Urban Hydrology of Erbil City Region, Ph.D. Thesis, Baghdad University, Iraq, p: 121.1998. [15] Dandekar, M.M. and Sharma, K.N.,Water power engineering. Vicas Publishing House Pvt. LTD. New Delhi. 451p.1989. [16] Al-Sarraf, S.J. The principles of the environment and climate science, Dar Al- Kutub Press, Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research, p:295 .1986.
Statistics Article View: 286 PDF Download: 301