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Impact of some climate elements changes on the variation of groundwater levels in Al - Hamdaniya District - Northern Iraq | ||
| Kirkuk University Journal: Humanity Studies | ||
| Article 17, Volume 15, Issue 1, 2020, Pages 389-408 PDF (1.07 M) | ||
| Authors | ||
| بیلة شکر خورشید المعاضی; اسعد احمد مقداد آل حسین; محمد علی محمد سلیمان | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Rain is one of the most important elements of the climate that play an important role in the availability of water resources, especially groundwater, represented by wells spread in Al - Hamdaniya District and used by the people for various purposes. The title of the research was represented by climate elements (rain, evaporation and temperature) and their effect on the water levels of the six observation wells systematically drilled by the Groundwater Commission - Nineveh Branch. Some modern and advanced software has been used, to represent and analysis data, such as (Arc GIs V10.4 , Surfer v.11 , Google Earth Pro). It was found, through comparison and analysis of data for these wells for the period between (2012-2011) to (2019-2018) and for the winter and summer seasons, that there is a decrease in the levels of groundwater and this is due to a decrease in the amount of rainfall during a period of six years and an increase in evaporation and temperature. Fazliya no. (1) well data for (2012) was taken as a good example to know the variations in groundwater level for one full year, the fall in the water level was evident in the summer and autumn, then the water level began to rise with the approach of winter and spring, where water nutrition is good because of the heavy rainfall. Isopotential line mapping shows that groundwater is moving in the study area from northwest to southeast, and this corresponds to the topography of the area where these wells are located. Well water levels begin to decline gradually as we move from north to south due to the shift away from groundwater recharge areas. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Key words : Ground Water levels; wells; Climate Elements; Al - Hamdaniya District | ||
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