Maronite Patriarch Antoine Arida and the policy of Islamic Christian brotherhood 1935-1936

Agaidi Fathi, Sarmad; Kareem Mejdab, Ghusoon

doi:10.37653/juah.2023.137536.1136

	Maronite Patriarch Antoine Arida and the policy of Islamic Christian brotherhood 1935-1936
Journal of University of Anbar for Humanities
Article 5, Volume 2023, Issue 2, June 2023, Pages 1109-1130 PDF (734.84 K)
Document Type: Review Paper
DOI: 10.37653/juah.2023.137536.1136
Authors
Sarmad Agaidi Fathi^* ¹; Ghusoon Kareem Mejdab²
¹Al Iraqiya University
²Al mustanseriya University
Abstract
I do not exaggerate if I say that the history of Lebanon during the period of the French Mandate needs independent scientific studies, because everything that has been written about it does not often go beyond talking about Lebanon based on sectarian leadership and personal influence, which affected the specificity of Lebanon and the conflict reflected on the Lebanese internal conditions, meaning that the history of Lebanon Modern and contemporary have been colored by the color of the sects, and therefore the share of scientific studies was very little, in front of the historical writing that ideologically identifies the sects to prove their goals and interests in the country. The choice fell on the Maronite Patriarch Antoine Arida’s study of the policy of Muslim-Christian brotherhood, “because it is one of the prominent and rare topics in the contemporary political history of Lebanon, which did not shed light on it due to the influence of sectarian ideology. The Lebanese people faced it due to the policy of the French mandate, which contributed to forcing the French to conclude a treaty with Lebanon to declare the independence of the military agents from it, and the importance of these positions was increased
Keywords
Maronite Patriarch; ؛Antoine Arida; ؛; ،; ؛Islamic Christian Brotherhood

References
First: Published Documents (The House of Books and Documents): The House of Books and Documents / Royal Court Summary No. 731/311, reports of the Iraqi Commission in Beirut to the Iraqi Ministry of Foreign Affairs No. 779 on February 26, 1933. The House of Books and Documents, Royal Court, Supplement No. 371/311, Book of the Iraqi Legation in Beirut, i.e. the Iraqi Foreign Ministry, No. 8817 of October 12, 1933, 18. Second: Documentary Books: Hassan al-Hakim, Historical Documents Related to the Syrian Issue in the Arab Covenants, Faisali, and the French Mandate, 1915-1946, Dar Sadra, Beirut, 1974. Third: Theses: Hussein Hamad Abdullah Solagh, Political Developments in Lebanon, PhD thesis (unpublished), College of Education, University of Kufa: 1996. Osama Refaat Hasan, Hashim al-Atassi and his political role in Syria 1887-1960, unpublished master's thesis, Ibn Rushd College of Education, University of Baghdad, 2006. Muhammad Radhiwi Fajr al-Hamidawi - The Lebanese political crisis in 1943 and the international position on it, Master's thesis (unpublished), College of Education / Dhi Qar University, 2010. Nour Alaa Younes: The National Bloc and its Role in Lebanon 1935-1939, Master Thesis (unpublished), College of Education, Dhi Qar University, 2015. Fourth: Arabic and Arabized books: Antoine Arida, Lebanon and France, translated by Fares Ghossoub, revised and introduced by Masoud Daher, Dar Al-Farabi, Beirut, 1987. Hassan Hallaq, Studies in Contemporary Lebanon History, Arab Renaissance House, Beirut, 1985. Thouqan Qarqout, The Development of the National Movement in Syria 1920-1939 - Printing House, Beirut, 1975. Suleiman Taqi al-Din, The Historical Development of the Lebanese Problem 1920-1970, Dar Ibn Khaldun, Beirut, 1977. Hashem Yaghi, Features of Modern Lebanese Society, Beirut, 1964. Hana Sufi Abdel-Hay, The Political and Constitutional System in Lebanon, International Book Company, Beirut, 1994. Helena Coban, Lebanon: 400 Years of Sectarianism, Translated by: Samir Atallah, London, 1985. Melhem Qurban, Modern Political History of Lebanon, Al-Ahlia for Publishing and Distribution, Beirut, 1978. Walid Fares, Pluralism in Lebanon, Beirut, 1979. Anwar Al-Ash on Freedom Road, Al-Etidal Press, Damascus 1973. Abd al-Rahman al-Kiyani, The Stages in the Mandate and in Our National Struggle (196-1939), Al Dhaad Press, Aleppo 1960. Kamal Suleiman Salibio, Modern History of Lebanon, and its publishing management, Beirut, 1967. Fifth: Notes: Daad Abdel Hakim, Papers and Memoirs of Fakhri Al-Baroudi 1887-1966, Part One, Damascus, 1999. Sixth: Websites: The Internet, biographies and translations of all the Pabloites in the Catholic Church. Internet information network, Wikipedia, Pius XII.
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