Gully erosion in the Duhok Valley basin

Qasim, Nagham Zuhair; M. Fayyad ‎, Heba

doi:10.37653/juah.2023.180781

	Gully erosion in the Duhok Valley basin
Journal of University of Anbar for Humanities
Volume 2023, Issue 3, September 2023, Pages 2417-2442 PDF (2.71 M)
Document Type: Research Paper
DOI: 10.37653/juah.2023.180781
Authors
nagham zuhair qasim^* ¹; Heba M. Fayyad ‎²
¹Geography / Education / University of Baghdad / collage for women / Baghdad / Iraq
²المديرية العامة لتربية بغداد
Abstract
Objectives: The objective of the research is to detect the erosion boundary in the Dohuk Valley Basin, and to determine the most dangerous range among them, and the extent of the impact of this type of erosion activity in the research area. Methodology: Research based on the Quantitative Analysis and Space Visualization Method for Landsat-7 2009 using the Arc Map GIS 10.7 program Results: The study revealed that the research area enjoys abundant quantities of rain, which soon become water-pipes that work on the erosion process of the canyons in the basin. Likewise, there is a variation in the canyons' lengths in the single unit of area, ranging from 265 to 28530 meters. All parts of the Dohuk Valley basin are exposed to the canyons' erosion to varying degrees. Its rates ranged from 302.54 to 3391.50 km2. The prevalence of the canyon erosion pattern of the heavy type in the research area, where it occupied an area of 187 km, with an area of 45.5% of the total basin. Conclusion: The study concluded that the natural characteristics of the Duhok Valley play a major role in increasing the activity of the rates of erosion, as most of its rock layers are not resistant to this type of erosion. Recommendations: To make the most of the abundance of rainfall in the pelvic area by building small earth dams to store them. This is what is done, and it is evident that dams are erected vertically or vertically on the downhill direction to reduce the occurrence of trench erosion in the research area. It is also necessary to intensify vegetation in those areas by following the (cantonal tillation) with lines of equal elevation in order to reduce the effects of erosion, because water settles along these lines and thus works to resist erosion.
Keywords
erosion; valley of Dohuk; groove erosion; Dohuk

References
AL-Jiburi, H.K, (2008) Hydrological and Hydrochemical study of ‎Kani- Rash , ‎NJ_38_10 , scale 1: 250000 , Baghdad , Iraq.‎ Al-Samarrai (2014), Sahab Khalifah, The Impact of Morphoclimatic and Morphotectonic Processes on the Weathering and Erosion Processes on Soil Erosion in the Kalala Basin, Sirr Man Ra’a Journal, Samarra University, Volume 10, Number 39. Hassan et al. (2015), Ahmed Abbas, The use of remote sensing and geographic information systems in a geomorphological study of the Bekhir fold in northern Iraq, Babylon University Journal, Volume 23, Number 1. Al-Sanjari, Abd al-Sattar Abd al-Qadir, and Ammar Ramadan al-Khattabi (2011), Facies analysis and sedimentary model of the stratigraphic sequences between the Jarkas and Bilaspi formations within the Bekhir fold in the Dohuk region, northern Iraq, Tikrit Journal of Pure Sciences, Vol. 16, No. 3. ‏ Al-Janabi (2016), Basma Ali Abdul-Hussein, Geomorphological Assessment of the Slopes of the Kara Series, PhD thesis (unpublished), College of Education, University of Baghdad. Al Raeis and others (2021), Hassanein Abd al-Razzaq Saleh, Water Harvesting Development in the Dohuk Valley Basin, Iraq, Hydrogeomorphological Study, Issue 44, Scientific Journal of the Faculty of Arts. Khasbak (1973), Shakir, Northern Iraq (a study of its natural and human aspects), without edition, Shafiq Press. Al-Buhairi (2001) Salah El-Din, Shapes of the Earth, Dar Al-Fikr Al-Moasr, first edition, Beirut. Al-Khafaji (2018), Sarhan Naim, Geomorphology (forms of the earth's surface), first edition, Al-Manhajiya House for Publishing and Distribution, Oman.
Statistics Article View: 419 PDF Download: 211