Fadhil, M., Gharghan, S., Saeed, T. (2024). LoRa Sensor Node Mounted on Drone for Monitoring Industrial Area Gas Pollution. , 42(2), 248-260. doi: 10.30684/etj.2023.141453.1498
Muthna J. Fadhil; Sadik Kamel Gharghan; Thamir R. Saeed. "LoRa Sensor Node Mounted on Drone for Monitoring Industrial Area Gas Pollution". , 42, 2, 2024, 248-260. doi: 10.30684/etj.2023.141453.1498
Fadhil, M., Gharghan, S., Saeed, T. (2024). 'LoRa Sensor Node Mounted on Drone for Monitoring Industrial Area Gas Pollution', , 42(2), pp. 248-260. doi: 10.30684/etj.2023.141453.1498
Fadhil, M., Gharghan, S., Saeed, T. LoRa Sensor Node Mounted on Drone for Monitoring Industrial Area Gas Pollution. , 2024; 42(2): 248-260. doi: 10.30684/etj.2023.141453.1498

LoRa Sensor Node Mounted on Drone for Monitoring Industrial Area Gas Pollution

Engineering and Technology Journal
Volume 42, Issue 2, February 2024, Pages 248-260    PDF (1.35 M)
Document Type: Research Paper
DOI: 10.30684/etj.2023.141453.1498
Authors
Muthna J. Fadhil* 1; Sadik Kamel Gharghan2; Thamir R. Saeed1
1Electrical Engineering Dept., University of Technology-Iraq, Alsina’a street, 10066 Baghdad, Iraq.
2Electrical Engineering Technical College, Middle Technical University, AL-Massafee street, Baghdad, Iraq.
Abstract
One of the biggest threats to human health is air pollution, which significantly influences people. Due to challenges like industrial and rural locations, where sensing frequently falls short of providing sufficient information about air quality, it is challenging to collect data close to pollution sources. Government-led statically deployed stationary monitors are typically used for air quality monitoring. However, many emissions that contribute to air pollution are erratic and unpredictable. A significant problem for environmental protection will be how to monitor air pollution emissions dynamically and efficiently. It can fulfill two objectives. The first is that if the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) is flying to a remotely monitored target, it can relay the detected data back to the server in real-time. This work aims to suggest an innovative mobile wireless air pollution monitoring system comprising UAVs with inexpensive air pollution sensors that transmit data over Long Range (LoRa). The outcomes also demonstrated that LoRa Radio transmitter sx1278 could transmit data for distances up to 5km in urban areas. The system was tested successfully at two sites in the Ewairij industrial area south of Baghdad, and the data was received at the base station from the sensor Node, which is carried by the drone during its flight for a distance of 1.5 km and height of 20 meters, round trip. As a result, the industrial areas were classified according to the Air Quality Index (AQI) between satisfactory to moderate according to gas concentrations. The highest gas carbon monoxide (CO) concentration increase was close to dangerous in both sites, as it recorded 9.75µg/m3 in site#1 and 7.75µg/m3 in site#2. In conclusion, the AQI did not reach a poor level in these tested areas.

Highlights
  • Polluted gas concentration collected over industrial areas showed dangerous CO levels, highest at 9.75 μg/m3
  • Data was collected at two sites above the industrial area over a 1.5 km distance back and forth
  • Sensor node payload deployed by drone with LoRa sx1278 communication between node and base station
  • CO concentration among pollutants approached dangerous levels at site 1
Keywords
Air pollution; AQI; LoRa; MQ low-cost gas sensors; UAV
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