A. Shareef, M., H. Essa, A., Saeed, O. (2023). ESTRUS SYNCHRONIZATION APPLICATIONS UTILIZED IN RUMINANT ANIMALS: A REVIEW. , 21(2), 419-427. doi: 10.32649/ajas.2024.145165.1102
M. A. Shareef; A. H. Essa; Osama A. Saeed. "ESTRUS SYNCHRONIZATION APPLICATIONS UTILIZED IN RUMINANT ANIMALS: A REVIEW". , 21, 2, 2023, 419-427. doi: 10.32649/ajas.2024.145165.1102
A. Shareef, M., H. Essa, A., Saeed, O. (2023). 'ESTRUS SYNCHRONIZATION APPLICATIONS UTILIZED IN RUMINANT ANIMALS: A REVIEW', , 21(2), pp. 419-427. doi: 10.32649/ajas.2024.145165.1102
A. Shareef, M., H. Essa, A., Saeed, O. ESTRUS SYNCHRONIZATION APPLICATIONS UTILIZED IN RUMINANT ANIMALS: A REVIEW. , 2023; 21(2): 419-427. doi: 10.32649/ajas.2024.145165.1102

ESTRUS SYNCHRONIZATION APPLICATIONS UTILIZED IN RUMINANT ANIMALS: A REVIEW

Anbar Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Article 15, Volume 21, Issue 2, November and December 2023, Pages 419-427    PDF (517.47 K)
Document Type: Review Paper
DOI: 10.32649/ajas.2024.145165.1102
Authors
M. A. Shareef1; A. H. Essa2; Osama A. Saeed* 3
1Department of Accommodation Affairs– headquarter- University of Anbar
2Department of Law- College of Law and Political Sciences- University of Anbar
3Department of Animal Production, College of Agriculture, University of Anbar, Ramadi, Iraq.
Abstract
Several estrus synchronization programs for cattle utilize a variety of hormones, including progesterone, prostaglandin PGF2α, estrogen, and GnRH, either individually or in combination. The selection of the suitable estrus synchronization protocol should be based on the practicality of implementation and anticipated outcomes. It may be feasible to synchronize the estrus cycle by administering prostaglandin F2α alone. However, it is crucial to thoroughly examine the ovaries, particularly in cows, as prostaglandin PGF2α only affects the corpus Luteum during the 8-17 days of the estrus cycle. Progesterone has the potential to decrease fertility by approximately 14%. However, when exposed to progesterone for a duration of less than 14 days, it can also have more advantageous effects. Incorporating GnRH into a synchronization program that is already based on progesterone or prostaglandin helps to further enhance the synchronization of the estrus phase. GnRH is believed to aid in the coordination of the estrous cycle in ruminants, particularly following parturition. For optimal fertility during the estrus period, the utilization of novel synchronization techniques that prioritize the administration of the GnRH protocol is more advantageous. The most effective approach to achieve optimal rates of estrus synchronization is to incorporate the hormone progesterone into these protocols.   
Keywords
Vaginal sponges; Hormones; Ewes; Cattle; Goats
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