Serum Follicular Fluid Growth Differentiation Factor 9 (GDF-9) and Bone Morphogenic Protein 15 (BMP-15) as Markers of Ovarian Reserve

Hassan, Muhjah Falah; Abdulhameed, Wasan Adnan

doi:10.33091/amj.2023.141993.1283

	Serum Follicular Fluid Growth Differentiation Factor 9 (GDF-9) and Bone Morphogenic Protein 15 (BMP-15) as Markers of Ovarian Reserve
Al- Anbar Medical Journal
Volume 20, Issue 1, June 2024, Pages 25-30 PDF (320.38 K)
Document Type: Original articles
DOI: 10.33091/amj.2023.141993.1283
Authors
Muhjah Falah Hassan^* ¹; Wasan Adnan Abdulhameed²
¹Department of Anatomy, Embryology and Histology, College of Medicine, Karbala University, Karbala, Iraq.
²Department of Embryology, High Institute of Infertility Diagnosis and Assisted Reproductive Technologies, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq.
Abstract
Background: Growth differentiation factor (GDF-9) and bone morphogenic protein (BMP-15) (GDF-9 co-factor) are proteins that are released by oocytes and control key stages of follicular development and growth. Objectives: To determine the ability of serum follicular fluid GDF-9 and BMP-15 in predicting ovarian reserve represented by their correlations with female age, traditional markers; antral follicle count (AFC) and anti-mullerian hormone (AMH). Materials and Methods: In this prospective cohort study, 114 infertile females from the High Institute of Infertility Diagnosis and Assisted Reproductive Technologies, Baghdad, Iraq, were included. Their age was 18-43 years old and their body mass index (BMI) was 19-30 Kg/m². All were assessed on the second day of the menstrual cycle. Serum was taken to measure GDF-9 and BMP-15 using a special Kit by ELIZA. Following oocyte retrieval, follicular fluid was collected for measuring GDF-9 and BMP-15. Results: The serum and follicular fluid GDF-9 and BMP-15 showed a significant correlation with the age of the patient, while there was no such association with AMH. Significant positive correlations were found between serum and follicular fluid GDF-9 and AFC, while only follicular fluid GDF-9 exhibited a significant positive correlation with mature II (MII) oocytes number. While, significant positive correlations were found between follicular fluid BMP-15 and the total number of oocytes. Conclusions: Serum follicular fluid GDF-9 and BMP-15 can be good predictors of ovarian reserve due to their significant negative correlations with age (oocyte quality) and significant positive correlations with AFC (quantity). Follicular fluid GDF-9, serum and follicular fluid BMP-15 can predict oocyte maturity.
Keywords
Ovarian Reserve Tests; Anti-Mullerian Hormone; Antral Follicle Count; Growth Differentiation Factor 9; Bone Morphogenic Protein 15

Statistics Article View: 1,244 PDF Download: 593