Response of two bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties to foliar application of Nano fertilizers at two growing stages and its effect on their qualitative characteristics

Mahmood, Bahar J.; Shakir, Shakir B.; Sabir, Dlir A.; Abdulqadir, Shang H.; Hama, Shara J

doi:10.58928/ku24.15106

	Response of two bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties to foliar application of Nano fertilizers at two growing stages and its effect on their qualitative characteristics
Kirkuk University Journal for Agricultural Sciences (KUJAS)
Volume 15, Issue 1, March 2024, Pages 37-46 PDF (1.02 M)
Document Type: Research Paper
DOI: 10.58928/ku24.15106
Authors
Bahar J. Mahmood^* ¹; Shakir B. Shakir²; Dlir A. Sabir³; Shang H. Abdulqadir⁴; Shara J Hama⁴
¹Department of Field crops and Medical plants, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, Salahaddin University, Erbil, IRAQ.
²Department of Field crops and Medical plants, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, Salahaddin University, Erbil, Iraq.
³Department of Food Science and Quality Control Department, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimaniyah, Iraq.
⁴Department of Biotechnology and Crop Science, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimaniyah, Iraq.
Abstract
This study was conducted at Sulaimani Quality Control Laboratory, Bakrajo Agricultural Research during 2022 to determine the influence of interaction treatments between four levels of Nano NPK (20:20:20) using foliar application at rates of (0, 150, 300 and 450) mg L^{-1 ,} two growth stages tillering and booting at two locations Sulaimani with at Qilyasan Agricultural Research Station, University of Sulaimani, located at (35° 34′ 307″ N, 45° 21′ 992″ E and elevation 765 m above sea level) and Grda-rasha, the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences research farm, Salahaddin University of Erbil, located at (Latitude 36. 10116 N and Longitude 44.00925 E and elevation of 415 meters above sea level), during winter season of 2019-2020, on quality variation of two bread wheat varieties (Adana-99 and Aras) in terms of length (mm), width (mm), thickness (mm), protein% and hectoliter kg hl^-1. The highest values of bread wheat quality according to the studied characteristics of hectoliter, thickness, width and length were (78.633 kg hl^-1, 3.240 mm, 3.380 mm and 6.500 mm) were recorded from interaction treatments of (Aras x booting x300 mgl^-1)_, (Aras x booting x300 mgl^-1)_, (Aras x booting x150 mgl^-1)and (Aras x booting x control)respectively from wheat samples that taken from Sulaimani location. On the other hand, the highest grain protein of 14.633 % was obtained from interaction treatment of (Aras x tillering x300 mgl^-1) at Erbil location. The results indicated that the spraying x300 mgl^-1 regarded as a best level of Nano-NPK fertilizer.
Keywords
Wheat varieties; Nano NPK fertilizer; Growth stages; Protein; Hectoliter

References
Baasandorj, T. (2016). Hard Red Spring wheat quality evaluation with various roller mill types and bread making methods (Doctoral dissertation, North Dakota State University. Bagulho, A. S., Costa, R., Almeida, A. S., Pinheiro, N., Moreira, J., Gomes, C., ... & Maçãs, B. (2015). Influence of year and sowing date on bread wheat quality under Mediterranean conditions. Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture,27(2) 186-199. Hadi, D, R., Tareeq, H, K, Bahar, J, M (2020). Effect of Foliar Application of Some Micronutrients at Two Growth Stages on Growth, Yield and Yield Components of Two Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Varieties. ZANCO Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences.32(5)186-195. Xue, C., Matros, A., Mock, H. P., & Mühling, K. H. (2019). Protein composition and baking quality of wheat flour as affected by split nitrogen application. Frontiers in plant science, 10, 642. Punia, S., Sandhu, K. S., & Siroha, A. K. (2019). Difference in protein content of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.): Effect on functional, pasting, color and antioxidant properties. Journal of the Saudi Society of Agricultural Sciences, 18(4), 378-384. Laidig, F., Piepho, H. P., Rentel, D., Drobek, T., & Meyer, U. (2017). Breeding progress, genotypic and environmental variation and correlation of quality traits in malting barley in German official variety trials between 1983 and 2015. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 130, 2411-2429. Thungo, Z., Shimelis, H., Odindo, A., & Mashilo, J. (2020). Genotype-by-environment effects on grain quality among heat and drought tolerant bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes. Journal of Plant Interactions, 15(1), 83-92. Singh, M. D. (2017). Nano-fertilizers is a new way to increase nutrients use efficiency in crop production. International Journal of Agriculture Sciences, ISSN, 9(7), 3831-3833 Gutiérrez, F, J: , M, L; Paloma G and Ruth, R (2017). Nanotechnology and food industry. Centro Tecnológico CARTIF. Parque Tecnológico de Boecillo, Valladolid, España Hadi, D, R (2020). Effect of Foliar Application of Some Nutrients at Different Growth Stages on Growth, Yield and Quality of Two Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum) Varieties MSc. thesis. Salahaddin University -Erbil Botelho, F. M., de Faria, B. M. E. M., Botelho, S., Ruffato, S., & Nogueira, R. M. (2018). Metodologias para determinação de massa específica de grãos. Okuyama, L. A., Caramori, P. H., & Kohli, M. M. (2020). New microchondrometer to measure hectoliter weight in small samples of wheat. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 15(4), 524-530. Williams, P. C. (1975). Application of near infrared reflectance spectroscopy to analysis of cereal grains and oilseeds. Cereal Chemists, 52, 561-576. American association of cereal chemists. AACC. (2000). Near-infrared reflectance method for protein determination in small grains. Inc., St. Paul, Minnesota, Approved Methods Committee. AACC American association of cereal chemists (2000). Test weight per Bushel, for hectoliter determination, Inc., St. Paul Ponce-García, N., Ramírez-Wong, B., Escalante-Aburto, A., Torres-Chávez, P. I., & Serna-Saldivar, S. O. (2017). Grading factors of wheat kernels based on their physical properties. Wheat improvement, management and utilization, 275 Duncan, O. D. (1975). A methodological analysis of segregation indexes. Urban social segregation, 35-47. Li, R., Hou, L. I. J. I. A. N. G., Zhang, A. I. H. U. A., Lu, Y., Song, W., Tadesse, W., & Xu, S. (2018). Heat stress in filling stage confers distinct effect on starch granules formation in different thermotolerant wheat accessions. Pak. J. Bot, 50(3), 913-920. Chaubey, R. K., Bhutia, D. D., Navathe, S., Mishra, V. K., Singh, A. K., & Chand, R. (2021). Interrelationships among different grain characteristics of wheat grown under optimum and late sowing date conditions in the Eastern Indo-Gangetic plains of India. Cereal Research Communications, 1-7. El-Maghraby, O. M., Fayez, K. A., Abdo, F. A. M., & Sabra, H. M. (2016). Effect of sowing date on yield and yield components of bread wheat cultivars under environmental conditions of Sohag region. Journal of Environmental Studies, 15(1), 19-30. Kedir, A., & Letta, T. Genotype by Environmental Interaction on Grain Quality of Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum) Genotypes at Southern Ethiopia. International Journal of Genetics and Genomics 10(1),7-11 Ivanova, A., M. Nankova and N. Tsenov, 2007. Effect of previous crop, mineral fertilization and environment on the characters of some wheat varieties. Bulg. J. Agric. Sci., 13: 55-62 Valdés, C., Estrada-Campuzano, G., Martinez Rueda, C. G., Domínguez López, A., Solis-Moya, E., & Villanueva Carvajal, A. (2020). Grain and flour wheat quality modified by genotype, availability of nitrogen, and growing season. International Journal of Agronomy, Volume 2020, Article ID 1974083, 1-9. Eljak, S. A., Hassan, H. A., Gorafi, Y. S., Ahmed, I. A. M., & Ali, M. Z. (2018). Effect of fertilizers application and growing environment on physicochemical properties and bread making quality of Sudanese wheat cultivar. Journal of the Saudi Society of Agricultural Sciences, 17(4), 376-384. Drostkar, E., Talebi, R., & Kanouni, H. (2016). Foliar application of Fe, Zn and NPK Nano-fertilizers on seed yield and morphological traits in chickpea under rainfed condition. Journal of Resources and Ecology, 4(1), 221-8. Hussien, M. M., El-Ashry, S. M., Haggag, W. M., & Mubarak, D. M. (2015). Response of mineral status to Nano-fertilizer and moisture stress during different growth stages of cotton plants. Int. J. ChemTech Res, 8(12), 643-650. Lüy M, Türk F, Argun MŞ, Polat T (2023) Investigation of the effect of hectoliter and thousand grain weight on variety identification in wheat using deep learning method. J Stored Product Research, Vol 102:102116 Amir, R. M., Hussain, M. N., Ameer, K., Ahmed, A., Ahmad, A., Nadeem, M., ... & Kausar, R. (2020). Comprehensive assessment and evaluation of selected wheat varieties for their relationship to chapatti quality attributes. Food science and technology, 40, 436-443. Grover, M., Singh, S. R., & Venkateswarlu, B. (2012). Nanotechnology: scope and limitations in agriculture. Int J Nanotechnology Appl, 2(1), 10-38. Liu, R., & Lal, R. (2015). Potentials of engineered nanoparticles as fertilizers for increasing agronomic productions. Science of the total environment, 514, (C) 131-139. Eltemsah, M. (2017). Response of wheat yield, its components and technological characteristics to different nitrogen rates and planting methods. Egyptian Journal of Agronomy, 39, p.421-429. Tanaka, R., & Nakano, H. (2019). Barley yield response to nitrogen application under different weather conditions. Scientific Reports, 9(1), 8477. Awulachew, M. T. (2019). Productivity and grain quality of Holker, Ibon and Franka malt barley (Hordeum vulgare) varieties to the rate of nitrogen fertilizer at Central Highland of Arsi. Ethiopia. J. Sci, 2, (12) .21. Gosavi, A. B., Deolankar, K. P., Chaure, J. S., & Gadekar, D. A. (2017). Response of wheat for NPK foliar sprays under water stress condition. International Journal of Chemical Studies, 5(4), 766-768.
Statistics Article View: 791 PDF Download: 771