Effect of crude phenolic extracts of Nerium oleander L. leaveson the biological performance of Bemisia tabaci(Genn.)(Homoptera: Aleyrodida)

Shnawa Al- Zubaidi, Fawzi; Hamza Rathi, Munther

	Effect of crude phenolic extracts of Nerium oleander L. leaveson the biological performance of Bemisia tabaci(Genn.)(Homoptera: Aleyrodida)
Diyala Journal For Pure Science
Article 1, Volume 7, Issue 3, 2011, Pages 214-226
Authors
Fawzi Shnawa Al- Zubaidi; Munther Hamza Rathi
Abstract
Laboratory bioassays were done to determine the toxicity of crude phenolic extracts ofNerium oleander leaves to whitefly Bemisia tabaci . Crude phenolics applied atconcentrations of 0.1 , 0. 2 , 0.5 , 1 , 2 % . The egg was generally the least susceptiblestage to all test treatments .The results indicated that the concentration of 2 % was themost effective . At this concentration eggs mortality reached 45.02%, in crude phenolicdifferences in nymphal mortality according to age was observed at all concentrations ofphenolic extract , both first and third nymphal instars had higher mortality with phenolicextract at concentrations of 1% and 2% than second nymphal instar . Pupal and adultsmortality reached 82.63% and 60.45% when treated with crude phenolics at concentrationof 2% respectively . Cumulative mortality reached 100 % at concentration of 1% and 2 %in second nymphal instar and adults respectively when treated with crudephenolic.Development time of immature stages of B.tabaci also , affected by theapplication of crude phenolic extracts of N. oleander leaves , generally developmentperiod prolonged in all treatments of phenolics as compared with control treatment
Keywords
crude phenolic extracts; Nerium oleander L; leaveson; biological performance

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