ASSESSMENT OF POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS OF BOTTLED WATER AVAILABLE IN IRAQI LOCAL MARKETS

Al-Fayadh, Hassan Mahdi; Al-Zubaidi, Mazin Mohammed; Alhajjar, Moath Abdulla

doi:10.33899/mja.2024.145300.1319

	ASSESSMENT OF POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS OF BOTTLED WATER AVAILABLE IN IRAQI LOCAL MARKETS
Mesopotamia Journal of Agriculture
Article 8, Volume 52, Issue 3, September 2024, Pages 118-132 PDF (521.51 K)
Document Type: Research
DOI: 10.33899/mja.2024.145300.1319
Authors
Hassan Mahdi Al-Fayadh^* ¹; Mazin Mohammed Al-Zubaidi²; Moath Abdulla Alhajjar³
¹College of Education, Shaqlawa, Salahaddin University, Erbil, Iraq
²Department of Food Sciences, College of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq
³Department of Basic Sciences, College of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq
Abstract
The present study is intended to assess the type and content of 16 specific polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in bottled drinking water available in Iraqi local markets (The study included eight local brands, one tap water sample, and three imported brands). The evaluation is conducted using gas chromatography, and the results are compared against the standards set by US Environmental Protection Agency and World Health Organization. The results indicate that most of the samples of bottled drinking water in Iraqi local markets contained polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) compounds, sample 1 contained ∑PAHs High (2.21 µg/L) and highest content of Acenaphthylene and Anthracene of concentrations 0.445 and 0.325 µg/L respectively , sample 5 contained ∑PAHs Low (0.99 µg/L), the presence of the naphthalene compound (2 rings) was observed in most of the study samples, and sample 1 contained the highest concentration (0.275 µg/L), the content of tricyclic compounds (3 rings) prevailing in most samples 31.25%, quaternary compounds (4 rings) 18.75%, five-cyclic compounds (5 rings) 12.5%, hexacyclic (6.25%). The absence of compounds such as Dibenzo (A, H) anthracene, Chrysene, Benzo (A) Pyrene, Benzo (G, H) Perylene and Benzo (K) Fluoranthenen in all the samples is a positive finding. While the compounds Anthracene, Phenanthrene (3 rings), and Benzo (A) Anthracene (5 rings), were present and did not conform to the standard specifications of US Environmental Protection Agency and World Health Organization in more than 50% of studied samples.
Keywords
drink water; gas chromatography; plastic bottled; pollutants

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