| Breast cancer is a lethal disease of females globally, generally, and in Iraq especially. Current cancer therapies are highly toxic and limited activity, leading to the search for effective and safe therapeutics. One of the safest treatments originates from herbs, and safer ones come from plants used in food. This study investigates the antitumor activity of parsley (Petroselinum sativum) crude extract consisting mainly of flavonoid compounds. Previously it exhibited a killing effect on several cancer cell line cultures. Furthermore, it has a high safety margin as humans and animals ingest it as part of the food chain. Methods, three continuous breast cancer cell lines of human origin were tested; CAL51, MCF7, and AMJ13, and one mouse mammary adenocarcinoma (AMN3) was used as an animal model. Normal breast epithelial cell line (HBL) was used to test the safety of the crude extract. Crystal violet cytotoxicity assay was applied to study the killing effect that the parsley extract may induce. Morphological changes were examined by crystal violet staining. Results: experimental work showed that the crude extract killed all cancer cell lines tested with the higher doses, but the mice-originated mammary adenocarcinoma AMN3 was more resistant. Moreover, parsley crude extract showed no cytotoxic effect on normal HBL cell lines. Cytological lesions are characterized by cell detachment and condensation of both cytoplasm and nucleus. Parsley crude extract diminishes cell viability and makes cytopathological alterations in breast cancer cells dependent on the concentrations used while sparing normal cells is encouraging results to move for more investigations. |
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