Low-level laser therapy's effect on adult male rabbits' wound healing

Hussein, Abbas Ali; Abid, Thaier Alwan

doi:10.29079/qjvms.2023.183464

	Low-level laser therapy's effect on adult male rabbits' wound healing
Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Veterinary Medicine Sciences
Volume 22, Special issue: Proceedings for the Scientific Conference of the College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Al-Qadisiyah (7th National/2nd International-2023), December 2023, Pages 109-118 PDF (497.29 K)
Document Type: Research Paper
DOI: 10.29079/qjvms.2023.183464
Authors
Abbas Ali Hussein^* ; Thaier Alwan Abid
Department of Surgery and Obstetrics, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al-Diwaniyah City, Iraq
Abstract
The study was designed to investigate the effect of 820 nm laser therapies on skin wound healing in rabbits. Thirty male adult New-Zealand rabbits were utilized and randomly divided into two equal groups (n 15), G1 laser therapy and G2 control groups. Two parallel (right and left) full-thickness skin incisions 2 cm lengths were made on the dorsum of each rabbit at a distance of 3cm from the spine. Incisions were closed by simple interrupted sutures using 4/0 silk suture. The right incisions in G1 were irradiated with pulsed (GaAlAs) laser therapy (820 nm, 8 J/cm² energy density, and 50 mW power output, for 30 sec. once a day for 3 successive days). Incisions of G2 and the left incisions of G1 were left without treatment as a control. Skin wound specimens were taken from animals of both groups after 3, 7, and 14 days’ post wounding for histopathological evaluation of the healing process. Histopathological examinations demonstrated that wound healing in G1 was promoted such as fast restoration of tissue continuity, improved collagen fiber production, and the reduction of excessive inflammation, while the control group did not. Thus LLLT found to promote the healing of incisional wounds in the present rabbit model, and laser treatment has been beneficial effects during the inflammatory, proliferation, and maturation phases of a wound healing. The 8 J/cm² energy density of (820 nm) LLLT promote the wound healing, through prevention of excessive inflammation, increased formation of collagen fibers, and recovery in continuity of tissue.
Keywords
Wound healing; Skin; LLLT; Rabbits

References
1. Proksch E, Brandner JM, Jensen JM. The skin: an indispensable barrier. Exp Dermatol. 2008;17:1063-72.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0625.2008.00786.x 2. McGrath JA, Eady RA, Pope FM. Rook Textbooks of Dermatology. 7th ed. 2004. pp. 3-8. 3. William J, Timothy B, Dirk E. Andrews' Disease of the skin: clinical Dermatology. 10th ed. Saunders; 2005. p. 2. 4. Boateng JS, Matthews KH, Stevens HN, Eccleston GM. Wound healing dressings and drug delivery systems: A review. J Pharm Sci. 2008;97:2892-2923.https://doi.org/10.1002/jps.21210 5. Broughton G, Janis JE, Attinger CE. Wound Healing: An Overview. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2006;117(7S):1-32.https://doi.org/10.1097/01.prs.0000222562.60260.f9 6. Stadelmann WK, Digenis AG, Tobin GR. Physiology and healing dynamics of chronic cutaneous wounds. Am J Surg. 1998;176:26S-38S.https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-9610(98)00183-4 7. Serhan CN, Chiang N. Novel endogenous small molecules as the checkpoint controllers in inflammation and resolution: entree for resoleomics. Rheum Dis Clin North Am. 2004;30(1):69-95.https://doi.org/10.1016/S0889-857X(03)00117-0 8. Falanga V. Wound healing and its impairment in the diabetic foot. Lancet. 2005;366:1736-43. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67700-8 9. Lee J, Singletary R, Anderson DJ, Bolognesi M, Kaye KS. Surgical site infection in the elderly following orthopedic surgery. Risk factors and outcomes. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2006;88:1705-12.https://doi.org/10.2106/JBJS.E.01156 10. Demidova-Rice TN, Salomatina EV, Yaroslavsky AA, Herman IM, Hamblin MR. Low-Level Light Stimulates Excisional Wound Healing in Mice. Lasers Surg Med. 2007;39:706-15.https://doi.org/10.1002/lsm.20549 11. Kandolf-Sekulovic L, Kataranovski M, Pavlovic MD. Immuno-modulatory effects of low-intensity near-infrared laser irradiation on contact hypersensitivity reaction. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 2003;19:203-12.https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0781.2003.00040.x 12. Pastore D, Greco M, Passarella S. Specific Helium-Neon laser sensitivity of the purified cytochrome c oxidase. Int J Radiat Biol. 2000;76:863-70.https://doi.org/10.1080/09553000050029020 13. Karu T. Multiple Roles of Cytochrome Oxidase in Mammalian Cells Under Action of Red and IR-A Radiation. IUBMB Life. 2010;62(8):607-10.https://doi.org/10.1002/iub.359 14. De Araújo CEN, Ribeiro MS, Favaro R, Zezell DM, Zorn TMT. Ultrastructural and autoradiographical analysis show a faster skin repair in He-Ne laser treated wounds. J Photochem Photobiol B. 2007;86:87-96.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2006.08.006 15. Kaesler S, Regenbogen J, Surka S, Goppelt A, Werner S. The healing skin wound: A novel site of action of the chemokine C10. Cytokine. 2002;17(3):157-63.https://doi.org/10.1006/cyto.2001.0981 16. Flecknell P, Lofgren JL, Dyson MC, Marini RR, Swindle MM, Wilson RP. Preanesthesia, anesthesia, analgesia, and euthanasia. In: Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto GM, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, editors. Laboratory Animal Medicine. 3rd ed. Academic Press; 2015. pp. 1149-1156.https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-409527-4.00024-9 17. Fukuda TY, Malfatti CA. Analysis of low-level laser therapy doses in Brazilian equipment. Braz J Phys Ther. 2008;12:70-74.https://doi.org/10.1590/S1413-35552008000100013 18. Hopkins JT, McLoda TA, Seegmiller JG, Baxter GD. Low-level laser therapy facilitates superficial wound healing in humans: a triple-blind, sham-controlled study. J Athl Train. 2004;39(3):223. 19. Luna IG. Manual of histology staining methods of the armed force institute & pathology. 3rd ed. McGraw Hill Book Company; 1968. pp: 34-215. 20. Basford J. Low intensity laser therapy: still not an established clinical tool. Lasers Surg Med. 1995;16:331-342.https://doi.org/10.1002/lsm.1900160404 21. AL-Hayani NM. Histological assessment of laser effect on wound healing. MSc Thesis, the Institute of Laser for Postgraduate Studies, University of Baghdad, Baghdad-Iraq; 2004. 22. Rabelo SB, Villaverde AB, Nicolau RA, Salgado MAC, Melo MS, Pacheco MTT. Comparison between Wound Healing in Induced Diabetic and Nondiabetic Rats after Low-Level Laser Therapy. Photomed Laser Surg. 2006;24:474-479.https://doi.org/10.1089/pho.2006.24.474 23. Rezende SB, Ribeiro MS, Nunez SC, Garcia VG, Maldonando EP. Effects of a single near-infrared laser treatment on cutaneous wound healing: Biometrical and histological study in rats. J Photochem Photobiol B. 2007;87:145-153.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2007.02.005 24. Maiya GA, Kumar P, Rao L. Effect of low helium neon (He-Ne) laser irradiation on diabetic wound healing dynamics. Photomed Laser Surg. 2005;23:187-190.https://doi.org/10.1089/pho.2005.23.187 25. Hawkins D, Abrahamse H. The role of fluence in cell viability, proliferation, and membrane integrity of wounded human skin fibroblasts following helium-neon laser irradiation. Lasers Surg Med. 2006;38:74-83.https://doi.org/10.1002/lsm.20271 26. Werb Z, Tremble P, Damsky CH. Regulation of extracellular matrix degradation by cell-extracellular matrix interactions. Cell Differ Dev. 1990;32:299-306.https://doi.org/10.1016/0922-3371(90)90043-V 27. Clark RAF, Nielsen LD, Welch MP, McPherson JM. Collagen matrices attenuate the collagen-synthetic response of cultured fibroblasts to TGF-β. J Cell Sci. 1995;108:1251-61.https://doi.org/10.1242/jcs.108.3.1251 28. Kana JS, Hutschenreiter G, Haina D, et al. Effect of low power density laser radiation on healing of open skin wounds in rats. Arch Surg. 1981;116:293-296.https://doi.org/10.1001/archsurg.1981.01380150021005 29. Gal P, Vidinsky B, Toporcer T, Mokry M, Mozes T, Longauer F, Sabo J. Histological Assessment of the Effect of Laser Irradiation on Skin Wound Healing in Rats. Photomed Laser Surg. 2006;24:480-488.https://doi.org/10.1089/pho.2006.24.480 30. Romanos GE, Pelekanos S, Strub J. Histological and Immuno-histochemical Observations of the Wound-Healing Processes after the Use of the Nd:YAG Laser in Rat Skin: Distribution of Collagen Types IV and VII in Connective Tissue. J Clin Laser Med Surg. 1995;13(2):87-95.https://doi.org/10.1089/clm.1995.13.87 31. Karu T, Pyatibrat L, Kalendo G. Irradiation with He-Ne laser increases ATP level in cells cultivated in vitro. J Photochem Photobiol B Biol. 1995;27:219-223.https://doi.org/10.1016/1011-1344(94)07078-3 32. Ghamsari SM, Taguchi K, Abe N, Acorda JA, Motoyoshi S, Yamada H. Evaluation of low level laser therapy on primary healing of experimentally induced full thickness teat wound in dairy cattle. Vet Surg. 1997;26:114-120.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-950X.1997.tb01473.x 33. Goslen JB. Wound healing for the dermatologic surgeon. J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1988;14:959-972.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1524-4725.1988.tb03734.x 34. Yasukawa A, Ohrui H, Koyama Y, Nagai M, Takakuda K. The effect of low Reactive-level laser therapy (LLLT) with Helium-Neon laser on operative wound healing in a rat model. J Vet Med Sci. 2007;69:799-806.https://doi.org/10.1292/jvms.69.799 35. Hussein AJ, Alfars AA, Falih MAJ, Hassan ANA. Effects of a low level laser on the acceleration of wound healing in rabbits. North Am J Med Sci. 2011;3:193-197.https://doi.org/10.4297/najms.2011.3193 36. Medrado AP, Soares AP, Santos ET, Regina SAR, Andrade Z. Influence of photobiomodulation upon connective tissue remodeling during wound healing. J Photochem Photobiol B Biol. 2008;92:144-152. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2008.05.008 37. Grossman N, Schneid N, Reuveni H, Halevy S, Lubart R. 780 nm Low power diode laser irradiation stimulates proliferation of keratinocyte cultures: Involvement of reactive oxygen species. Lasers Surg Med. 1998;22:212-218.https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1096-9101(1998)22:4<212::AID-LSM5>3.0.CO;2-S 38. Gavish L, Asher Y, Becker Y, Kleinman Y. Low level laser irradiation stimulates mitochondrial membrane potential and disperses sub-nuclear promyelocytic leukemia protein. Lasers Surg Med. 2004;35:369-376.https://doi.org/10.1002/lsm.20108 39. Webb C, Dyson M, Lewis WH. Stimulatory effect of 660nm low level laser energy on hypertrophic scar-derived fibroblasts: Possible mechanisms for increase in cell counts. Lasers Surg Med. 1998;22:294-301.https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1096-9101(1998)22:5<294::AID-LSM6>3.0.CO;2-K 40. Pourreau-Schneider N, Ahmed A, Soudry M, Jacquemier J, Kopp F, Franquin JC, et al. Helium-Neon laser treatment transforms fibroblasts into myofibroblasts. Am J Pathol. 1990;137:171-8. 41. Romanos GE, Pelekanos S, Strub J. A Comparative Histological Study of Wound Healing following Nd:YAG Laser with Different Energy Parameters and Conventional Surgical Incision in Rat Skin. J Clin Laser Med Surg. 1995;13:11-16.https://doi.org/10.1089/clm.1995.13.11 42. Do Nascimento PM, Pinheiro AL, Salgado ÂC, Ramalho LMP. A preliminary report on the effect of laser therapy on the healing of cutaneous surgical wounds as a consequence of an inversely proportional relationship between wavelength and intensity: histological study in rats. Photomed Laser Ther. 2004;22(6):513-518.https://doi.org/10.1089/pho.2004.22.513 43. Ranjbar R, Takhtfooladi MA. The effects of low level laser therapy on Staphylococcus aureus infected third-degree burns in diabetic rats. Acta Cir Bras. 2016;31:250-255.https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-865020160040000005 44. Gutiérrez D, Rouabhia M, Ortiz J, Gaviria D, Alfonso C, Muñoz A, Inostroza C. Low-level laser irradiation promotes proliferation and differentiation on apical papilla stem cells. J Lasers Med Sci. 2021;12:e75.https://doi.org/10.34172/jlms.2021.75 Tam SY, Tam VC, Ramkumar S, Khaw ML, Law HK, Lee SW. Review on the cellular mechanisms of low-level laser therapy use in oncology. Front Oncol. 2020;10:1255.https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2020.01255
Statistics Article View: 357 PDF Download: 68