Etiology, Clinical, and Laboratory Profiles of Meningitis a Sample of Children

Najem, Raghad Dawood; Ali, Arabiya Idan; Hussein, Mushriq Abdullah

doi:10.52573/ipmj.2024.183542

	Etiology, Clinical, and Laboratory Profiles of Meningitis a Sample of Children
Iraqi Postgraduate Medical Journal
Article 3, Volume 23, Issue 2, April 2024, Pages 135-142 PDF (283.8 K)
Document Type: Research Paper
DOI: 10.52573/ipmj.2024.183542
Authors
Raghad Dawood Najem^* ; Arabiya Idan Ali; Mushriq Abdullah Hussein
Central Teaching Hospital of Pediatrics, Baghdad, Iraq
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Meningitis is a significant cause of morbidity and modality in children around the world. Early diagnosis and treatment are the most important way in prevention of the complications. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the frequency and types of meningitis, to describe various clinical and laboratory parameters, and to analyze mortality and early complications of childhood meningitis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: One hundred Children aged 1 month-l5 years admitted to children Welfare Teaching Hospital with clinical suspicion of meningitis during the period from 18 September 2007 to 15 March 2008 were included in this study. They were subjected to clinical examination, blood tests, cerebrospinal fluid tests (biochemical, bacteriological, and serological). RESULTS: Thirty of the patients had bacterial meningitis, 34% had viral meningitis, 36% had partially treated bacterial meningitis. Majority of the patients admitted in January and February. Fever was the most common presenting symptom (94%), followed by vomiting in 64%, poor feeding or appetite in 65%. Irritability and bulging fontanel were the main signs in those children below one year. Neck stiffness and positive kerning sign were the main signs in children above one year. The results of Cerebrospinal fluid studies in patients with bacterial meningitis were as following: (gram stain was positive in 18 (60%) patients, culture was positive 1n 22 (73%) patients, C-reactive protein was positive in 23(77%) patients). Serum C-reactive protein was positive in 16(53%) patients with bacterial meningitis. H. influenza was the main causative agent of bacterial meningitis. The main complication was recurrent convulsion (27% of bacterial meningitis, 8% of viral meningitis, 5% of partially treated bacterial meningitis). Two cases required admission to intensive care unit. The overall mortality rate was 8%. CONCLUSION: influenza type b is the leading causative agent of bacterial meningitis, Fever was the most common presenting signs, recurrent convulsion was the most frequent complication in all age groups and in all types of meningitis, Positive C-reactive protein in the Serum And Cerebrospinal fluid was mainly found in patients with bacterial meningitis.
Keywords
meningitis; children; C - reactive protein; lumbar puncture
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