| This study was conducted in one of the poultry fields of the Department of Animal Production/College of Agriculture/ University of Anbar, for the period from 20/7/2021 to 12/10/2021, with the aim of knowing the effect of adding natural zeols to the diet on the productive performance of laying hens. 72 laying, Lohman Brown strain, 43 weeks old hens were used in this experiment, and they were randomly distributed to six treatments and with four replicates per treatment (3 hens/ replicate) and a regular diet (laying hens' diet) was provided with the additions, and the treatments were as follows: T1 Vitamin E 0.06, T2, T3, T4 and T5 by adding 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and 1.0% respectively natural zeolite and T6 as the control treatment, the results showed significant increase (P≤0.05) in the percentage of egg production in the first productive period for the third, fourth and fifth treatments (0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1%) zeolite compared to the control treatment. During the second productive period, the fourth and fifth treatment (0.75 and 1%) zeolites sequentially outperformed the control treatment, while during the third productive period and the total production period, the fifth treatment (one zeolite) outperformed the control treatment. There was also a significant increase in the mean egg weight during the third productive period for the second, third, fourth and fifth treatment (0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1%) zeolite sequentially compared to the control treatments and the first treatment (0.06 % vitamin E).There was a significant increase in egg mass in the second and third periods and in total productivity, where the third (0.5% zeolite),fourth (0.75% zeolite) and fifth (1% zeolite) treatments significantly outperformed the control treatment. Also, the third, fourth and fifth treatments (0.5, 0.75, 1%) zeolite were significantly superior to the cumulative number of eggs during the experiment periods and the total productive period of the experiment. The addition of zeolite led to a significant improvement in the feed conversion factor (gm feed gm eggs-1) for the third, fourth and fifth treatments (0.5, 0.75 and 1%) zeolite sequentially compared to the control treatment during the second and third and the total periods of the experiment. Significant improvement in the surface area of the cortex for the second, third and total production periods for the second, third, fourth and fifth treatments compared with the control treatment. |
- Abdulwahid, A. S., Mohammed, A. B., and Al-Mjbel, A. A. (2022). Onion (Allium cepa) and sumac (Rhus coriaria) powder as dietary supplements for Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica): effect on egg production, blood parameters and antioxidant activity. https://doi.org/10.17957/IJAB/15.1964.
- Al-Azzami, A. A., and Mohammed, T. T. (2023). The Effect of Adding Lemongrass Leaf Powder (Cymbopogon Citratus) to the Diet as a Natural Supplement on Some Productive Traits and Oxidation Indicators in Broiler (Ross 308). In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1252 (1): 12123. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1252/1/012123.
- Duncan, D. B. (1955). Multiple range and multiple F tests. biometrics, 11(1): 1-42. https://doi.org/10.2307/3001478.
- Elkhateeb, S. Z., Ebraheem, M. O., and Ahmed, I. A. (2024). The impact of environmental exposure duration on natural detoxification and physiological health in domestic sheep via glucuronide pathways. Journal of Life Science and Applied Research, 5(1): 27–33. https://doi.org/10.59807/jlsar.v5i1.95.
- Eleroglu, H., Yalcin, H., and Yildirim, A. (2011). Dietary effects of Ca-zeolite supplementation on some blood and tibial bone characteristics of broilers. South African Journal of Animal Science, 41(4): 319-330. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/sajas.v41i4.1.
- Evans, M., and Farrell, D. J. (1991). Do zeolites enhance performance and egg shell quality of laying hens. Recent Advances in Animal Nutrition in Australia, 1(99): 1.
- Fendri, I., Khannous, L., Mallek, Z., Traore, A. I., Gharsallah, N., and Gdoura, R. (2012). Influence of Zeolite on fatty acid composition and egg quality in Tunisian Laying Hens. Lipids in health and disease, 11: 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1186/1476-511X-11-71.
- Galkate, U. V., and Rokde, S. N. (2010). Effect of dietary aflatoxin on certain egg production and quality parameters in White Leghorn layers. Animal Nutrition and Feed Technology, 10(1): 121-126. 7.
- Hamad, H. E., and T. Mohammed, T. (2023). Effect of adding natural zeolite and vitamin e to laying hans diets of lohman brown layer hens on some physiological traits and antioxidant status. Anbar Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 21(2): 622-631. https://doi.org/10.32649/ajas.2023.179769.
- Kermanshahi, H., Jani, E. H. A., Hashemipour, H., and Pilevar, M. (2011). Efficacy of natural zeolite and pigments on yolk color and performance of laying hens. African Journal of Biotechnology, 10(16): 3237-3242. DOI: 10.5897/AJB10.1713.
- Mirzan, N. A., Khudhair, M. Y., and Rashid, R. M. (2024). Chemical and oxidative stability of lamb and turkey kaurma with beeswax as a fat replacer during cold storage in Kurdistan Iraq. Journal of Life Science and Applied Research, 5(1): 1-7. https://doi.org/10.59807/jlsar.v5i1.92.
- Mohammed, Th. T. (2012). The effect of adding different levels of artificial antioxidants and natural antioxidants in the diet on production and physiological performance in laying hens. PhD Thesis, College of Agriculture, University of Anbar.
- Mohammed, A. B., Hamad, O. K., and Khttab, T. A. (2023). Effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles in drinking water on growth rate, biochemical parameters, and intestinal histology of broilers. Advances in Agriculture, 2023(1): 8523516. https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/8523516.
- Mustafa, R. D., and Harbourne, N. (2024). Effects Of Storage Temperature And Ph On The Phenolic Content, Antioxidant Activity, Turbidity And Colour Of Chamomile Enriched Beverages. Journal of Life Science and Applied Research, 5(1): 16–26. https://doi.org/10.59807/jlsar.v5i1.94
- R. C., National Research Council. (1994). Nutrient requirements of poultry. 9th ed., National Academic Press, Washington, DC., USA. P. 120.
- Olver, M. D. (1989). Effect of feeding clinoptilolite (zeolite) on the performance of three strains of laying hens. British Poultry Science, 38(2): 220-222. DOI: 10.1080/00071669708417973.
- Öztürk, E., Erener, G., and Sarica, M. (1998). Influence of natural zeolite on performance of laying hens and egg quality. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 22(6): 623-628.
- Roland Sr, D. A., Laurent, S. M., and Orloff, H. D. (1985). Shell quality as influenced by zeolite with high ion-exchange capability. Poultry science, 64(6): 1177-1187. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0641177.
- (2012). Statistical Analysis System, v. 10.0. 2. Cary, North Carolina USA.
- Sean, D., and Yoshio, I. (2009). Zeolites. In: Chemical Economics Handbook, Sri Consulting.
- Shawkat, S. S., Mohammed, A. I., Rashid, S. A., and Abdulateef, S. M. (2023). Effect Of Some Unfavorable Behavioral Traits on The Behavior of Broiler Chicks. JLSAR, 4: 1-8. https://doi.org/10.59807/jlsar.v4i1.51.
- Shaman, A. M., and Mohammed, T. T. (2023). Effect Using Feed Additives Instead of Imported Premixes Affects the Physiology of Broiler Chickens. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1262 (7): 72080. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1262/7/072080.
- Shariatmadari, F. (2008). The application of zeolite in poultry production. World’s Poultry Science Journal, 64(1): 76-84. DOI: 1017/S0043933907001730.
- Wu, Y., Wu, Q., Zhou, Y., Ahmad, H., and Wang, T. (2013). Effects of clinoptilolite on growth performance and antioxidant status in broilers. Biological Trace Element Research, 155: 228-235. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-013-9777-6.
|