Biochemical and Safety Examination of Ethanol Extract of Justicia Carnae on PHZ -Produced Anaemia in Wistar Rats

Igwe, K.K.; Ikpeazu, O.V.; Otuokere, I.E

doi:10.37940/AJVS.2020.13.1.9

	Biochemical and Safety Examination of Ethanol Extract of Justicia Carnae on PHZ -Produced Anaemia in Wistar Rats
Al-Anbar Journal of Veterinary Sciences
Volume 13, Issue 1, August 2020, Pages 74-82 PDF (1.49 M)
Document Type: Research Paper
DOI: 10.37940/AJVS.2020.13.1.9
Authors
K.K. Igwe¹; O.V. Ikpeazu^* ²; I.E Otuokere³
¹Dept of Vet. Biochem. and Animal Production, M. O. University of Agric., Umudike, Nigeria
²Dept of Biochemistry, Abia State University , Uturu, Abia State, Nigeria
³Dept of Chem., M. O. University of Agric., Umudike, Nigeria
Abstract
The leaves of Justicia carnae were screened for a hematological and biochemical response using serum enzyme activities in rats. Twenty-five rats were used in this research and were grouped into 5 of 5 rats each. Group 1 was a negative control group and was treated with distilled water. Groups 2 entreated anaemic, 3, 4 and 5 were treatment groups and received 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight of the J. carnae extract, respectively. Anaemic was induced with Phenylhydrazine (PHZ). The rats were treated for 14 days, thereafter was sacrificed and blood collected from the heart for analysis. The effect of J. carnae extract was checked on hematological parameters and serum enzyme activities. All results in treatment groups were compared with the untreated anaemic group 2 at statistical confidence p<0.05. The normal control group saved as a reference point. There was a progressive elevation of haematological parameters as the dose of the extract increased from 100, 200, to 400 mg/kg body weight compared to the untreated anaemic group. Hematological parameters, PCV, RBC, Haemoglobin increased significantly at (p<0.05). Total leukocyte count elevated but not significant. Differential leukocyte count indicated very mild lymphopenia neutrophilia, monocytopenia, and eosinopenia but were not significant. Clinical biochemical parameters, AST, ALT and ALP showed slight decrease but not significant. Creatinine, total protein, urea, and bilirubin mildly increased as the dose of the extract increased but within normal range and so was not statistically significant. The MCV, MCH and MCHC values suggested normocytic normochromic anaemic condition. It was concluded that the extract of J. carnae is safe to blood cells, liver, and kidney marker enzymes at doses < 400 mg/kg body weight.
Keywords
Anaemia; Enzymes; Justicia carnae; Phenylhydrazine Anaemia; Blood cells

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