Khan, M., Hassan, A., Arab, Y. (2024). Investigation of colonial-era architecture style on modern architecture design style in Aden city. , 17(3), 293-302. doi: 10.30772/qjes.2024.148640.1190
Majed Ahmad Khan; Ahmad Sanusi Hassan; Yasser Arab. "Investigation of colonial-era architecture style on modern architecture design style in Aden city". , 17, 3, 2024, 293-302. doi: 10.30772/qjes.2024.148640.1190
Khan, M., Hassan, A., Arab, Y. (2024). 'Investigation of colonial-era architecture style on modern architecture design style in Aden city', , 17(3), pp. 293-302. doi: 10.30772/qjes.2024.148640.1190
Khan, M., Hassan, A., Arab, Y. Investigation of colonial-era architecture style on modern architecture design style in Aden city. , 2024; 17(3): 293-302. doi: 10.30772/qjes.2024.148640.1190
Investigation of colonial-era architecture style on modern architecture design style in Aden city
1School of Housing, Building and Planning, University Sains Malaysia (USM), Penang, Malaysia
2Department of Architectural Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Aden, Yemen
3Department of Architectural Engineering, College of Engineering, Dhofar University, Oman
Abstract
This study investigated the lasting influence of British colonial architecture (129 years) on contemporary building design in Aden, Yemen. The initial focus was on the perception of British Neo-Classical architecture as a symbol of superiority, overshadowing Aden's rich architectural history. This research explored Aden's architectural transformation from pre-colonial to colonial periods, analyzing the impact of colonial-era building facades on modern design practices. Through observation and interviews with built environment professionals, the study examined the broader social, political, and economic effects of British colonialism. The findings reveal a significant influence of British colonial architecture on the design of building facades in Aden. This influence is evident in structures like the repurposed church on Crater Mountain, which now serves as a government building. The influx of British administrators, soldiers, and workers from diverse backgrounds (Indian, Somali, Jewish) during the colonial period contributed to Aden's architectural diversity by constructing churches, temples, and government buildings. Unfortunately, the ongoing war in Yemen has damaged or destroyed many of these structures. This study also found that classical architectural elements from British colonial buildings like the Military Museum in Crater, the Heritage Museum, and the Tax Office continue to influence modern design. These elements and the miniature Big Ben clock in Al-Tawahi stand as prominent symbols of British influence in Aden. However, the Yemeni government's restoration efforts for these colonial-era buildings have been slow and largely ineffective. The research further explored the enduring influence of Neo-classical architectural ideals in Aden. The study highlights the formal guidelines, specific modules, and proportions used in designing arches and columns, particularly in residential buildings. These elements contribute to the aesthetic qualities of these structures. While the British incorporated classical elements during their rule, architectural advancements and new materials have led to the incorporation of novel elements in contemporary design.
Neumann, Fredrick Scott. "European Settlement and Overseas Expansion." The Cambridge World History of Violence, Volume 3: 1500-1800. Edited by Randall Gewalt. Cambridge University Press, 2010. 1-22.
Kostof, Spiro. A History of Architecture: Settings and Rituals. Oxford University Press, 1995.
Metcalf, Thomas R. A Concise History of Modern India. Cambridge University Press, 2006
Yousef, Mamdouh Ali, Magdy Mohamed Radwan, and Ebtesam AbdAllah Naser Amber. "Proposed Paradigms for Developing the Building Laws and Legislations of Residential Architecture in Aden City-South Yemen." JES. Journal of Engineering Sciences 48, no. 4 (2020): 649-686. DOI: 10.21608/JESAUN.2020.111431
Leal, Amelia. "Havana's Colonial Revival: Tourism, Preservation, and the Politics of Nostalgia." Journal of Urban History 44, no. 1 (2018): 122-143. doi: 10.1177/0096141X16682242.
López, Mari Carmen Ramírez, and Rosa Alicia Ríos Rico. "San Juan de Puerto Rico and the Challenge of Authenticity in a Globalized World." Journal of Heritage Tourism 7, no. 2 (2012): 121-138. doi: 10.1080/17477998.2012.662320.
Monclús, Judit. "Rehabilitating Historic City Centres: A Critical Review of Barcelona's Experience." Journal of Urban Regeneration & Renewal 10, no. 4 (2017): 331-345. doi: 10.1080/1740924X.2016.1223223.
Lees, Loretta. "The Failure of Gentrification to Deliver Sustainable Communities." Environment and Planning A 32, no. 7 (2000): 1215-1224. doi: 10.1080/70387770020000424.
Griego, Iman. "The Colonial Architecture of Aden, Yemen: A Historical Analysis." Journal of Islamic Architecture 8, no. 1 (2019): 87-102. doi: 10.18860/jia.v8i1.14222.
Alsarhan, Aref. "The Impact of War and Neglect on the Colonial Architecture of Aden, Yemen." International Journal of Heritage Studies 27, no. 5 (2021): 789-807. doi: 10.1080/13527250.2019.1688432.
Knaack, Ulrich. "Potential for innovative massive building envelope systems–Scenario development towards integrated active systems." Journal of Facade Design and Engineering 2, no. 3-4 (2014): 255-268. DOI: 10.3233/FDE-150024.
Zheng, Hao, and Philip F. Yuan. "A generative architectural and urban design method through artificial neural networks." Building and Environment 205 (2021): 108178. DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2021.108178.
Zhang, Yi, Dapeng Zhang, and Haoyu Jiang. "A Review of Artificial Intelligence-Based Optimization Applications in Traditional Active Maritime Collision Avoidance." Sustainability 15, no. 18 (2023): 13384. DOI: 10.3390/su151813384
Maximov, Dmitry, and Sekou Diane. "Object Recognition by a Minimally Pre-Trained System in the Process of Studying the Environment." Advances in Systems Science and Applications 23, no. 2 (2023): 24-45. https://doi.org/10.25728/assa.2023.23.2.1227.
Niezabitowski, Andrzej M. "Architectonics- “A system of Exploring Architectural Forms in Spatial Categories” ArchNet-IJAR 3, no. 2 (2009). DOI: 10.26687/archnet-ijar. v3i2.274
Wells, Jeremy C. Attachment to the physical age of urban residential neighborhoods: A comparative case study of historic Charleston and I'On. Clemson University, 2009.
Hillier, Bill. Space is the machine: a configurational theory of architecture. Space Syntax, 2007. DOI: 10.4236/jamp.2021.910163
Ali, Mir Firasath, and MM Vijayalakshmi Natarajan. "Thermal Insulation of Building Envelope for Ecological Conservation." Ecological and Health Effects of Building Materials (2022): 185-204. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-76073-1_11.
Straube, John F., and Eric FP Burnett. Building science for building enclosures. Building Science Press, 2005
