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Prognostic Factors and Survival in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer and Brain Metastases: Single Tertiary Cancer Center Experience from Kurdistan-Iraq | ||
| Annals of the College of Medicine, Mosul | ||
| Volume 46, Issue 2, December 2024, Pages 137-144 PDF (659.56 K) | ||
| Document Type: Research Paper | ||
| DOI: 10.33899/mmed.2024.147223.1255 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Shwan Mohammed1; Zhian Ramzi2; Luqman Sulaiman3; Hadeel Adnan Yasseen2; Bamo Muhsin4; Karzan Murad4; Shkar Arif4; Jalil Ali4; Kamaran Mohammed4; Nyan Osman4; Sazgar Majeed4; Layth Mula-Hussain* 5 | ||
| 11. Zhianawa Cancer Center, Sulaimani, Kurdistan – Iraq | ||
| 2College of Medicine – University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani, Kurdistan – Iraq | ||
| 3College of Medicine – Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Kurdistan – Iraq | ||
| 4Zhianawa Cancer Center, Sulaimani, Kurdistan – Iraq | ||
| 5Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Nova Scotia, Canada | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Background: Lung cancer is the second most frequently occurring cancer in the world. The global mortality-to-incidence ratio in 2020 was 0.81. Brain metastases (BM) are the most common type of intracranial malignancies. Among the non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), adenocarcinomas metastasize to the brain more frequently than squamous cell carcinomas. The incidence of brain metastases appears to be increasing, which may reflect improvements in diagnostic imaging and survival associated with more effective systemic therapies. The study aims to examine the survival after diagnosing BM and the prognostic factors that may affect it. Methods: A chart review identified 59 patients with BM from histologically proven NSCLC over three years, from December 1, 2013 to November 30, 2016. Follow-up was updated from the case records and by phone contact. Patient-related variables were age, sex, histology of NSCLC, extracranial metastases, number of brain lesions, Karnofsky Performance Status, and survival from the time of the diagnosis of brain metastases. Whole Brain Radiotherapy of 20 Gray/five fractions over one week was used for all patients. Results: The median survival after the diagnosis of BM was 6.5 months. Factors that affected survival were age, Karnofsky Performance Status, number of brain lesions, and extracranial metastases. There was no statistically significant survival correlation with sex and histological type of NSCLC. Conclusions: Survival outcome was poor in NSCLC with BM patients. Age less than 60 years, Karnofsky Performance Status over 70, single brain lesion, and absent extracranial metastases were relatively favorable prognostic factors. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Lung cancer; brain metastasis; radiotherapy; Kurdistan; Iraq | ||
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