The Effect of the P-A-K-S-A Strategy on Developing Attentional Control and Performance Accuracy of Some Volleyball Skills Among Fourth-Year Secondary School Students

ALAni, Musa Adns

doi:10.33899/rjss.2024.185622

	The Effect of the P-A-K-S-A Strategy on Developing Attentional Control and Performance Accuracy of Some Volleyball Skills Among Fourth-Year Secondary School Students
Al-Rafidain Journal For Sport Sciences
Volume 27, Issue 85, October 2024, Pages 733-753 PDF (1.55 M)
Document Type: Research Paper
DOI: 10.33899/rjss.2024.185622
Author
Musa Adns ALAni^*
Ministry of Education/ Alanbar Education Directorate/ Aanah Education Department
Abstract
The study aimed to identify: The effect of the P-A-K-S-A strategy on developing attentional control and performance accuracy of some volleyball skills among fourth-year secondary school students. The experimental and control groups differed in their development of attentional control and performance accuracy of some volleyball skills among fourth-year secondary school students. The study hypothesis included: There were statistically significant differences between the pre-test and post-test for the study groups in developing attentional control and performance accuracy of some volleyball skills. There were statistically significant differences in the post-test between the study groups in developing attentional control and performance accuracy of some volleyball skills, specifically the overhead and underhand passes. The researcher used an experimental method suitable for the nature of the problem. The study sample consisted of 40 fourth-year science students at Al-Suqoor Secondary School for Boys in Anah District for the academic year 2023-2024. They were divided into the control group (Class A) and the experimental group (Class B), each comprising 20 students. Pre-tests were conducted using the attentional control scale and some volleyball skills tests, specifically the overhead and underhand passes. Class B implemented the P-A-K-S-A strategy, while Class A followed the teacher’s usual approach. The educational sessions continued for eight weeks, with two weekly sessions, each lasting forty minutes. The researcher processed the results using statistical methods and concluded that both strategies had a clear impact, with varying degrees, on developing attentional control and learning the accuracy of the overhead and underhand passes. The P-A-K-S-A strategy showed a significant improvement in the study variables. The researcher recommended using this strategy because it is essential in practicing diverse thinking processes.
Keywords
Strategy (P-A-K-S-A); Attentional control; top and bottom pass skills in volleyball

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