Iyida, B., Nwankwo, A., Onah, T. (2025). Effects of aging, temperature, and time on the ultimate tensile strength of Al 2024. , 43(6), 434-443. doi: 10.30684/etj.2025.154927.1841
Benedict U. Iyida; Azubuike M. Nwankwo; Thomas O. Onah. "Effects of aging, temperature, and time on the ultimate tensile strength of Al 2024". , 43, 6, 2025, 434-443. doi: 10.30684/etj.2025.154927.1841
Iyida, B., Nwankwo, A., Onah, T. (2025). 'Effects of aging, temperature, and time on the ultimate tensile strength of Al 2024', , 43(6), pp. 434-443. doi: 10.30684/etj.2025.154927.1841
Iyida, B., Nwankwo, A., Onah, T. Effects of aging, temperature, and time on the ultimate tensile strength of Al 2024. , 2025; 43(6): 434-443. doi: 10.30684/etj.2025.154927.1841

Effects of aging, temperature, and time on the ultimate tensile strength of Al 2024

Engineering and Technology Journal
Volume 43, Issue 6, June 2025, Pages 434-443    PDF (805.86 K)
Document Type: Research Paper
DOI: 10.30684/etj.2025.154927.1841
Authors
Benedict U. Iyida1; Azubuike M. Nwankwo* 2; Thomas O. Onah3
1Mechanical Engineering Dept., Caritas University, Amorji-Nike, Enugu, Nigeria.
2Division of Works Engineering Services, Federal Polytechnic, Oko Anambra State, Nigeria.
3Mechanical and Production Engineering Dept., Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Enugu, Nigeria.
Abstract
This study focuses on the ultimate tensile strength of Al 2024 in that since the past decade, Al 2024 alloy (Al-4.5% Cu-1.5% Mg-0.6% Mn) has been one of the most widely used Al-Cu-Mg-Mn alloys. Therefore, it was subjected to heat treatment, quenching, and artificial aging. The artificial aging temperatures were 1400 °C, 1600 °C, 1800 °C, and 1900 °C, each for the range from 0.5 hr to 9 hr. The ultimate tensile strength of the as-cast after solutionizing and quenching increased from 185 MPa to 199 MPa, representing a 7.6% increase. At 1900 °C aging temperature, the peak value of 348 MPa, representing an 88.1% increase from the as-cast value, was recorded at 6 hr aging time. The drops in ultimate tensile strength values outside the peak aging time of 6 hr were attributed to the precipitation of incoherent and coarse secondary phases in the alloy structure. Ultimate tensile strength values increased at various aging temperatures and aging times, culminating in 482 MPa, which is the semi-maximum overall value at 1800 °C and 6 hr. Aging temperature, representing a 160.5% increase from the as-cast value, while 510 MPa was recorded as the overall maximum ultimate tensile strength at 1400 °C and 8 hr aging time, representing a 175.7% increase from the as-cast value. This was a very considerable enhancement in the mechanical properties of Al 2024 with respect to ultimate tensile strength.

Highlights
  • Aging temperature and time effects on the ultimate tensile strength of Al2024 were examined.
  • Optical microstructure analysis was used at different times, including as-quenched and as-cast conditions.
  • The ultimate tensile strength of Al2024 increased by up to 175.7% after heat treatment, quenching, and artificial aging.
Keywords
Al 2024; Ageing Temperature; Ageing Time; Ultimate Tensile Strength; Elongation
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