Democracy in Arab Political Systems: A Study of Reality and Challenges

Salih, Ali Ramadan; Hamad, Omar Farhan

doi:10.63677/jqlap.2025.187079

	Democracy in Arab Political Systems: A Study of Reality and Challenges
AL-Qadisiya Journal For Law and Political Sciences
Article 50, Volume 16, Issue: 2 part 1, September 2025, Pages 1059-1076 PDF (888.15 K)
Document Type: Research Paper
DOI: 10.63677/jqlap.2025.187079
Authors
Ali Ramadan Salih^* ; omar farhan hamad
College of Law and Political Science / University of Kirkuk
Abstract
Despite the democratic transformation witnessed by the majority of Arab political systems, they differ in their patterns of governance at the level of head of state between monarchy and presidential systems, in addition to that they share a set of characteristics, the most important of which is the crisis of legitimacy, which is considered a fundamental focus and cause of all societal crises. Which it suffers from, which ultimately led to a democratic deficit at its various levels, which leads to the necessity of working to adopt the democratic process as a process that aims to bring about fundamental changes to the structure of political systems and transform them from non-democratic systems to actual democratic systems, through the practice of Democracy in all its forms is more than considered a symbolic process, especially in light of the developments imposed by the international and regional arena. The research used more than one scientific method. The historical method was used to comprehensively cover democracy from its inception to its transfer to the countries of the Arab world. In addition, the analytical method was used to describe the nature of Arab political systems in contrast to the application of democracy in those countries.
Keywords
democracy; characteristics of Arab political systems; challenges of democratic practice

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