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Impact of COVID-19 on gene Expression of CTLA-4 and Its Potential Role in the Development of Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Post-Infection Analysis. | ||
| Basrah Journal of Veterinary Research | ||
| Volume 24, Issue 2, June 2025, Pages 69-75 PDF (388.61 K) | ||
| Document Type: Research Paper | ||
| DOI: 10.23975/bjvr.2025.157728.1202 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Maryam Hassan Sanguor* 1; Hatham Waheed Atwan2; Iman Hussein Rabeeah3; Zeenah Waheed Atwan4 | ||
| 1Department of Nursing Techniques, Technical Institute, University of Technology, Basrah, Iraq | ||
| 2Department of Inspection, Basrah Health Directorate, Basrah, Iraq | ||
| 3Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Basrah,Basrah, Iraq. | ||
| 4Central Laboratory, department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Basrah, basrah, Iraq. | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Background: Since the emergence of SARS-CoV-2, high number of mortalities around the world was reported. Post infection, the immune system is activated in abnormal manner leads to an excessive release of cytokines and interleukins implicated in eliminating the viruses including CTLA-4. Such responses sometimes cause autoimmune disease including Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) Aim of study: The study aimed to analyse gene expression of CTLA4 in patients diagnosed with RA post Covid-19 infection. Methods: Blood samples were collected from 61 RA patients diagnosed post Covid-19 patients RAI, and 40 control (C) experienced at least one Covid-19 infection. RNA was extracted and used to prepare cDNA from each sample to analyse the cellular expression of CTLA-4 using relative gene expression . Results: The study involved 61 patients, 17 of them were vaccinated without prior Covid-19 infection (RAV) as well as 44 that were diagnosed with RA following their recovery from Covid-19 (RAI).The results showed significant increase in CTLA-4 gene expression only in RAI samples. However, a decrease in RAV sample compared to control was noticed Conclusion: COVID-19 seems to have an important role in the development of the RA disease, as during its occurrence immuno-changes disorders can happen, one of obvious influences of which is the significant changes in the gene expression of CTLA-4 gene, which in turn could be involved in the development of the RA. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Covid-19; Vaccination; Rheumatoid Arthritis; CTLA-4 | ||
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