Epidemiological Profile of Dog Bite Cases in Basra City During 2023

Salman, Ola Waleed; Maki, Ziyad Tarik; Abdul Imam, Raya Habeeb

doi:10.33762/mjbu.2025.158017.1291

	Epidemiological Profile of Dog Bite Cases in Basra City During 2023
The Medical Journal of Basrah University
Article 11, Volume 43, Issue 1, June 2025, Pages 80-88 PDF (459.46 K)
Document Type: Research Paper
DOI: 10.33762/mjbu.2025.158017.1291
Authors
Ola Waleed Salman^* ¹; Ziyad Tarik Maki²; Raya Habeeb Abdul Imam³
¹M.B.CH. B, Resident of Arab Board of Family Medicine
²Assistant Professor & Consultant in Family Medicine, Basrah Health Directorate, Basra, Iraq.
³Specialist in Community Medicine, Basrah Health Directorate, Basra, Iraq.
Abstract
Background: Dog bites pose a significant public health concern, particularly in resource-limited settings, due to their association with Rabies, a fatal central nervous system disease. In Basra City, baseline epidemiological data on dog bites and Rabies are crucial for developing effective control measures and resource allocation. Factors such as stray dogs, inadequate reporting, and low public awareness contribute to the persistence of this issue. Objective: This study aimed to assess the incidence, associated factors, and demographics of dog bite victims, as well as to identify the distribution of dog bites and Rabies to guide targeted interventions and resource allocation. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted to examine the epidemiological profile of dog bite victims in Basra City in 2023. Data were collected from public health departments and 10 primary healthcare sectors between February and August 2024. Results: The incidence of dog bites in Basra City during 2023 was 46.7 per 100,000 population, with 77.7% of cases occurring in males. The most affected age group was 6–15 years (43.5%), and students comprised the largest victim group (44%). Stray dogs were responsible for 98.4% of the bites. Most injuries resulted in superficial ulcers (76.2%) and single bites (90%), predominantly on the lower limbs (64.1%). Immunoglobulin was administered to 89.2% of victims. Conclusion: Dog bites represent a significant public health issue in Basra City, with a high incidence among males, children aged 6–15 years, and students. Targeted interventions, including timely medical treatment and enhanced measures for controlling stray dogs, are necessary to mitigate the impact of dog bites and reduce the risk of Rabies.
Keywords
Dog bites; Public health; Stray dogs; Basra city; Incidence rates

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