The Synergistic Effects of Biofertilizers, Humic Acid, and Fulvic Acid on Rimsulfuron Herbicide 25% Performance in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) Cultivation

Qadir, Rebin Abdalrahman; Marif, Arsalan Azeez; Omer, Shalaw Abdalrahman; Mustafa, Rebwar Ahmed; Majeed, Ardalan Jalal; Mohmmed, Ribwar Ali

doi:10.58928/ku25.16316

	The Synergistic Effects of Biofertilizers, Humic Acid, and Fulvic Acid on Rimsulfuron Herbicide 25% Performance in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) Cultivation
Kirkuk University Journal for Agricultural Sciences (KUJAS)
Volume 16, Issue 3, September 2025, Pages 131-142 PDF (619.88 K)
Document Type: Research Paper
DOI: 10.58928/ku25.16316
Authors
Rebin Abdalrahman Qadir¹; Arsalan Azeez marif^* ²; Shalaw Abdalrahman Omer¹; Rebwar Ahmed Mustafa³; Ardalan Jalal Majeed¹; Ribwar Ali Mohmmed³
¹Garden Design Department, Bakrajo Technical Institute BTI, Sulaimani Polytechnic University SPU, Sulaimani, Kurdistan Region, IRAQ.
²Garden Design Department, Bakrajo Technical Institute BTI, Sulaimani Polytechnic University SPU, Sulaimani, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
³Garden Design Department, Bakrajo Technical Institute BTI, Sulaimani Polytechnic University SPU, Sulaimani, Kurdistan Region, IRAQ
Abstract
The study conducted at Bakrajo Technical Institute in 2023, for evaluating the effects of different agricultural treatments on the growth, development, and productivity of tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum), aiming to identify the most effective practices for enhancing crop yield and health. The research employed a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four replications, Then the comparison was done among the mean of the studied factors using DMRT test with four main treatments: humic acid, fulvic acid, biofertilizers, and Rimsulfuron herbicide at a 25% concentration. These treatments were applied at varying dosages to assess their impact on a value of agronomic traits, including plant height, number of branches, fruit yield, chlorophyll content, fresh fruit weight, shoot weight, and dry weight. The results demonstrated that humic acid and fulvic acid, when applied at 0.04 g plant-1, significantly improved the number of branches, indicating their role in stimulating vegetative growth. In contrast, higher doses of Rimsulfuron herbicide, particularly at 12 ml/plant, adversely affected both branch production and fruit yield, suggesting phytotoxic effects at elevated concentrations. Biofertilizers applied at 0.4 ml plant-1 had a positive influence on chlorophyll content and fresh fruit weight, supporting their role in enhancing photosynthetic efficiency and fruit development. However, when biofertilizers were combined with high levels of herbicide, a reduction in biomass accumulation was observed, pointing to negative interaction effects. Overall, the findings underscore the importance of selecting and balancing appropriate agricultural inputs to optimize plant performance. Humic acids and biofertilizers emerged as beneficial treatments for promoting growth and productivity, while excessive herbicide use was shown to impair plant health. The study highlights the critical need for integrated and judicious management of agricultural treatments to ensure sustainable crop production and recommends further research to determine optimal treatment combinations and dosages for maximizing tomato yield under similar growing conditions.
Keywords
Biofertilizers; humic acid; fulvic acid; Rimsulfuron herbicide; Tomato

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