Relief Analysis for Identification of Flood Susceptibility in Khagaria District, Bihar Using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques

Priya, Madhubala; Mundhe, Nitin; Shelar, Avinash

doi:10.33899/earth.2025.154846.1384

	Relief Analysis for Identification of Flood Susceptibility in Khagaria District, Bihar Using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques
Iraqi National Journal of Earth Science (INJES)
Article 20, Volume 25, Issue 4, October 2025, Pages 273-290 PDF (1.22 M)
Document Type: Research Paper
DOI: 10.33899/earth.2025.154846.1384
Authors
Madhubala Priya^* ¹; Nitin Mundhe¹; Avinash Shelar²
¹Department of Geography, Sir Parashurambhau College, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
²Department of Geography, Abasaheb Garware College of Arts and Science, Pune, Maharashtra, India
Abstract
Relief analysis describes an area's relief and landform structure. It is a vital source of information for assessing flood susceptibility in a region. Khagaria is one of the most flood-prone areas in Bihar, where floods significantly affect residents, the environment, and cause economic losses. This study examines seven topographic parameters, namely elevation, slope, hillshade, drainage density, TWI (Topographic Wetness Index), ruggedness number, and relative relief in Khagaria district. These factors provide deeper insights into the flood characteristics of the study area and offer observations on the structural landscape patterns. The relief-related maps have been prepared using satellite data and Digital Elevation Models (DEMs), employing Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques. According to the slope map, the terrain is mostly level, with an average elevation of 36 meters and a slight slope. Due to extensive lowland areas in the northern, north-eastern, and southern regions, along with the general relief characteristics, these areas are more prone to flooding.
Keywords
Relief Analysis; GIS; Digital elevation model Slope; Flood; SRTM Data

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