Study of genetic parameters and correlations in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Mohammed, Saif Saadoun; Al Hamdani, Zakariya Bader

doi:10.32894/MEDIP.25.3.3.4

	Study of genetic parameters and correlations in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Journal of Medicinal and Industrial Plant Sciences
Volume 3, Issue 3, September 2025, Pages 37-48 PDF (540.33 K)
Document Type: Original Article
DOI: 10.32894/MEDIP.25.3.3.4
Authors
Saif Saadoun Mohammed^* ; Zakariya Bader Al Hamdani^*
Field Crops Department, College of Agricultural and Forestry, University of Mosul, Iraq.
Abstract
The experiment was conducted during the 2023/2024 agricultural season in Al-Qubba village, north of Mosul, to evaluate the performance of ten bread wheat genotypes and their response to nitrogen fertilization in terms of growth and yield traits. A randomized complete block design with a split-plot arrangement was used. Three nitrogen levels (0, 120, 240 kg/ha of urea 46%) were assigned to main plots, and ten wheat genotypes (14BAASH-, AZAD-2, BAOBAB-1, ASEEL-1, Ibaa99, Buhuth22, Mawaddah, Adana99, Baghdad1, Jihan99) were allocated to subplots. Measured traits included plant height, flag leaf area, tiller , spike number-m2, spike length, days to 50% physiological maturity, grains spike-1, 1000-grain weight, biological and grain yield, harvest index, and protein content.Analysis of variance showed that nitrogen levels significantly affected all traits at the 1% level. Genotypic differences were also significant at 1% for most traits, except flag leaf area and harvest index, which were significant at 5%. The interaction between genotypes and nitrogen levels was significant for all traits except spike length., environmental, and phenotypic variances were all greater than zero. Heritability values were generally low, except for moderate values in spike number/m-2and grain yield. The highest phenotypic and environmental coefficients of variation were observed for grain yield and harvest index, while phenotypic coefficients were consistently higher than genetic ones, indicating strong environmental influence on trait expression.
Highlights

Keywords
Bread wheat; Genetic parameters; correlations

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