Evaluation of the Antinociceptive Effect of Ketorolac in Rats

Muhammed, Kardar Nazir

doi:10.23975/bjvr.2025.160158.1221

	Evaluation of the Antinociceptive Effect of Ketorolac in Rats
Basrah Journal of Veterinary Research
Article 3, Volume 24, Issue 3, September 2025, Pages 28-37 PDF (576.81 K)
Document Type: Research Paper
DOI: 10.23975/bjvr.2025.160158.1221
Author
Kardar Nazir Muhammed^*
College of veterinary medicine Pharmacology department University duhok
Abstract
Currently, there is a demand for safe and non-addictive analgesics that are effective and have minimal adverse effects. The analgesic effects of ketorolac were examined in male rats to assess its potential applications in relevant domains. The median lethal dose (LD₅₀) of ketorolac, which resulted in the mortality of 50% of the experimental animals, was (693 mg/kg) by intramuscular administration. The rats showed signs of acute poisoning, represented by lethargy, elevated respiration, and Straub's tail, resulting in nervous convulsions and death within 10–15 minutes of dosing. On the other hand, the median analgesic dose (ED₅₀) that produced analgesia in 50% of the animals was (14.39 mg/kg) after I.M injection. Ketorolac exerts an analgesic effect in the acetic acid-induced writhing method. Rats administered ketorolac at multiple doses (20, 40, and 80 mg/kg,i.m.) exhibited a substantial decrease in the frequency of writhing episodes in a dose-dependent manner to 81.6 ± 1.94, 59.8 ± 1.82, and 39.4 ± 1.77, respectively, compared to the control group that received normal saline (103±4.63). This research indicate the possibility of using this treatment safely as an analgesic under the supervision of the veterinarian.
Keywords
Ketorolac; Analgesic; Acetic acid; Rats
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