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Genetic Diversity of Sweet and Forage Corn (Zea mays L.) Single-Cross Hybrids Based on Phenotypic Cluster and Principal Component Analysis | ||
| Journal of Medicinal and Industrial Plant Sciences | ||
| Volume 3, Issue 3, September 2025, Pages 133-150 PDF (879.71 K) | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.32894/MEDIP.25.3.3.10 | ||
| Author | ||
| Neyaz Rashid Mustafa* | ||
| Department of Biology, College of Education-Shaqlawa, Salahaddin University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq. | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Cluster analysis and principal component analysis are multivariate analyses used widely to assess genetic diversity. The present study was conducted in the Autumn of 2024 at the Grdarasha experimental station, College of Agriculture Engineering Sciences, Salahaddin University, Erbil, Iraq, to assess the phenotypic genetic diversity among 20 sweet and forage corn single-cross hybrids using cluster and principal component analysis. Results demonstrated that the 20 single-cross hybrids were significantly different from each other. Moreover, almost all of the traits studied showed high broad-sense heritability, which is important for selecting corn single-cross hybrids. Cluster analysis and principal component analysis revealed a high level of genetic diversity, which has implications for characterizing, conserving, and breeding sweet and forage corn single-cross hybrids, as well as for categorizing them. The hybrids under study were divided into six different groups based on the performance of phenotypic traits, indicating that the hybrids have a varied genetic background. The cluster analysis and principal component analysis were also able to separate sweet corn well from the forage corn. This indicated the differentiation of the genetic makeup of sweet corn from forage corn. Biplot analysis showed positive correlations among ear yield and several traits such as ear weight, ear length, number of kernel rows per ear, number of leaves per plant, ear height, plant height, number of leaves per ear, leaf area, stem diameter, and number of ears per plant. A correlation of the first three principal component analyses accounted for 76.26% of the variation, indicating a significant variation among the hybrids studied . | ||
Highlights | ||
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| Keywords | ||
| Corn; Biplot; Heritability; Single-Cross Hybrids; Genetic Diversity | ||
| Full Text | ||
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| References | ||
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