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A Review of Nanoparticles in Medication Delivery and Their Role in Mitigating Drug Resistance in Cancer Treatment | ||
| Al-Kunooze Scientific Journal | ||
| Volume 11, Issue 4, October 2025, Pages 35-51 PDF (827.66 K) | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| Author | ||
| Hamsa A. Ali, Wissam Khayer Al-Rawi, Zena E. Slaiby, Jamal M. Rzaij | ||
| Abstract | ||
| The major cause of death worldwide is cancer. Chemotherapy, radiation therapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapy are examples of conventional cancer treatments. However, there are significant obstacles to effective cancer treatment, including cytotoxicity, lack of selectivity, and multidrug resistance. Cancer diagnosis and therapy have radically changed with the development of nanotechnology. Through lessening its side effects, nanotechnology has particular advantages in cancer treatment. Nanoparticles (1–100 nm) can be utilized to treat cancer because of their unique benefits, which include improved permeability and retention (PR), decreased toxicity, increased stability, biocompatibility, and precise targeting. The unique drug delivery method using nanoparticles makes use of the properties of the tumor and its surroundings. Nanoparticles not only overcome multidrug resistance but also address the shortcomings of traditional cancer treatment. Additionally, nanoparticles are being studied more thoroughly as new multidrug resistance mechanisms are discovered and examined. Being able to bypass the drug efflux mechanism linked to such a phenotype and directing drugs to target cancer cells specifically gives them an additional means of avoiding multidrug resistance. There has been a comparison of the effectiveness of active and passive nanoparticle (NP) targeting techniques in cancer theranostics. New cancer therapeutics were developed and improved using a variety of nanomaterials, including inorganic or organic, and synthetic polymers. This review addresses the function of NPs in cancer treatment, including targeting mechanisms and various drug delivery techniques for cancer therapy | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Nanotechnology; nanoparticles; cancer treatments; drug delivery; passive and active targeting | ||
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