Adeniji, A., Dahunsi, B., Kolawole, D., Kupolati, W., Burger, E., Moloisane, J. (2025). Compressive and flexural strength of mortar and concrete facings with expanded polystyrene and particle board cores sandwich panels. , 43(11), 1002-1014. doi: 10.30684/etj.2025.163997.2006
Akintayo A. Adeniji; Bamidele A.O. Dahunsi; David Kolawole; Williams K. Kupolati; Everardt Burger; Jones R. Moloisane. "Compressive and flexural strength of mortar and concrete facings with expanded polystyrene and particle board cores sandwich panels". , 43, 11, 2025, 1002-1014. doi: 10.30684/etj.2025.163997.2006
Adeniji, A., Dahunsi, B., Kolawole, D., Kupolati, W., Burger, E., Moloisane, J. (2025). 'Compressive and flexural strength of mortar and concrete facings with expanded polystyrene and particle board cores sandwich panels', , 43(11), pp. 1002-1014. doi: 10.30684/etj.2025.163997.2006
Adeniji, A., Dahunsi, B., Kolawole, D., Kupolati, W., Burger, E., Moloisane, J. Compressive and flexural strength of mortar and concrete facings with expanded polystyrene and particle board cores sandwich panels. , 2025; 43(11): 1002-1014. doi: 10.30684/etj.2025.163997.2006

Compressive and flexural strength of mortar and concrete facings with expanded polystyrene and particle board cores sandwich panels

Engineering and Technology Journal
Volume 43, Issue 11, November 2025, Pages 1002-1014    PDF (953.15 K)
Document Type: Research Paper
DOI: 10.30684/etj.2025.163997.2006
Authors
Akintayo A. Adeniji* 1; Bamidele A.O. Dahunsi2; David Kolawole3; Williams K. Kupolati4; Everardt Burger4; Jones R. Moloisane4
1Civil Engineering Dept., Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa. Civil Engineering Dept., University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
2Civil Engineering Dept., University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
3Civil Engineering Dept., Elizade University, Ilara-Mokin, Nigeria.
4Civil Engineering Dept., Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa.
Abstract
Lightweight sandwich panels are mainly utilized in the aerospace and automobile industries, and are increasingly explored for sustainable construction. This study investigates the mechanical performance of sandwich panels composed of mortar and concrete facings with expanded polystyrene (EPS) and particle board (PB) cores. Mortar facings were a 1:3 mix of cement and sand, a 0.65 water-cement ratio, and a 1:2:4 mix of cement, sand, and granite for the concrete, with a 0.5 water-cement ratio. Cube (75 × 75 × 75 mm3) and prism (100 × 100 × 400 mm3) samples were fabricated with 15 mm facings and 45 mm cores, then cured and tested for compressive and flexural strength at 7, 14, 21, and 28 days in line with BS EN 12390-3:2019 and ASTM C293. At 28 days, concrete-faced PB-core panels achieved a compressive strength of 8.18 N/mm², approximately 17% higher than 6.96 N/mm2 of EPS-core. Mortar-faced PB-core panels reached 6.44 N/mm², 64.13% compared to 4.13 N/mm² for mortar-faced EPS panels. Flexural strength followed similar patterns: concrete-faced PB-core panels increased by 96% from 9.18 N/mm² at 7 days to 9.48 N/mm² at 28 days, while EPS-core panels improved by 87.9% from 6.56 N/mm² to 7.46 N/mm². ANOVA (α = 0.05) confirmed statistically significant differences between core types, with PB consistently outperforming EPS due to higher stiffness and improved core–facing bonding. EPS and PB core panels remain suited for non-load-bearing applications.

Highlights
  • EPS and particle board were obtained and used as core materials for sandwich panels.
  • Cement and aggregates were used as facing materials in the sandwich panel production.
  • Sandwich panels with various concrete and mortar facings and EPS or PB cores were fabricated.
  • Flexural strength followed similar patterns: concrete-faced PB-core panels increased by 96% from 9.18 N/mm² at 7 days to 9.48 N/mm² at 28 days.
  • ANOVA analysis showed that mechanical performance was strongly affected by facing materials.
Keywords
Lightweight sandwich panels; Particle board core; Expanded polystyrene core; Compressive strength
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